The Saturday News from Topeka, Kansas • 4

THE SANTA FE TRAIL. believes that wherever water may be obtained in New Mexico the same results 1 may be accomplished and ho thinks that where streams or springs are not found naturally, they may be had, almost invariably, by boring. At tho risk of trespassing on the bishops good nature, the Trail advises all visitors to Santa Fd to try for a glimpse of tho garden herein described. every sort, etc. Tho great railway development of the Southwest would alone open up a market for all tho iron and steel which could bo produced.

men, with capital and experience in this sort of business, will do well to give this locality and its promises a careful consideration. Such things are bound to appear in New Mexico before long, and the lucky men will bo those who start early and get there first. 4 from Fe 3Fpiii CONCERNING THE TRAIL." This pnpor is published for free distribution by the Atchison, Topeka Santa F6 Railroad. It is, therefore, a railroad advertisement, and, as such, will ho considered by somo as unworthy of trust. To tho contrary, however, the editor promises that all its contents shall bo as accurate and as correct as though prepared for any publication of the highest literary standing; and to this end a cordial invitation is extended to all readers for contributions, criticisms, queries, and cooperation of every kind.

All desiring future numbers of tho paper to bo devoted to tho interests of Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and tho country beyond should forward their names at onco to the undersigned. CRAS. S. GLEED, Editou. Address care A.

T. S. F. R. Topeka, Kan.

TOPEKA, OOTOBEE, 1880. The Mescalero Reservation. Thirty-five or forty miles beyond Fort Stanton, on tho Indian reservation abovo mentioned, will some day be opened to tho miner what are perhaps tho richest silver mines on tho continent. For a distance of many miles there aro parallel ledges of argentiferous rock cropping out almost without interruption. Several assays of rock knocked off at random from tlicso outcroppings have given returns of from $75 to $150 per ton.

Although this locality is within tho reservation, and whites are forbidden the ground, yet it is a region where no Indians are ever found, and some time in the near future civilization will bo allowed to take possession of the vast treasure which is now covered and guarded by the national statutes. This country is near the White Oaks district, and the White Oaks miners are already looking with greedy eyes across the line. The history of the Mescalero country will probably be somewhat of a repetition of that of the Black Hills. The Santa Fe Trail. Most people in the United States have heard about the Santa Fd trail.

It was the first line of travel from Missouri river towns, like Atchison, Leavenworth and Kansas City, to Santa Fd and other important points west and southwest. Most people have also heard of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fd Railroad. It is the present line of travel from Missouri river cities to Santa Fd and other points west and southwest. The history of the first trail, and the earlier history of Kansas, Colorado and New Mexico, are almost identical. The history of the present trail the iron trail and the later history of Kansas, Colorado and New Mexico are also practically identical.

The first trail, and the present one, lead along for a thousand miles side by side. The last has robbed the first of its original prestige, but it has given it in return the travel and traffic of growing agriculture and the industries. It is with this iron trail, and the countries through which it leads, that this paper has to do which explains sufficiently the purpose of the title of the paper. four blacksmith shops, one jewelry store, two drug stores, one cracker factory, three dance halls, one furniture factory, two foundries, one machine shop, one harness shop, three wheelwright shops, two banks, and no vacant houses. In tho year 1530 Cabeza de Vaca wrote in the journal of his wanderings through New Mexico as follows: There are in that country small pine trees, and tho cones of them aro like small eggs; but the seeds aro better than those of Castile, as its husk is very thin, and while green it is beat and made into balls and thus eaten.

If dry it is pounded in its husk and consumed in the form of flour. The present season has been very favorable for this nut the pifion and a large crop will be saved. Three great and beneficent industries will be built up during the next five years in New Mexico mining, stock-raising, and manufacturing. She now has tho mines, which only need the machinery for treating the ore and further developments to make this one of the greatest mineral producing sections in the world. Then, too, tho fine grazing ground that her table-lands offer, together with her unequaled climate, will soon make this a wonderful stock-raising country Rocky Mountain Mining Review.

The Tularosa correspondent of the Mesilla News wrote as follows, August 9: Crops of all kinds have done exceedingly well this season, and the wheat is all in. Corn will bo ready for market in about four or five weeks. There are whole fields of it here where the stalks are seven and eight feet in height. The grapes are beginning to ripen. There are many nice gardens here which have muscatel and black grapes in abundance.

In general the harvest this year will be a very good one. We have had an abundance of rain. The White Oaks correspondent of an Eastern paper says: The Indians are nonest inventus, and persons who desire to come to this country need have no more fear than if they were going to the capital of the nation. Old Vic, with his little handful of warriors, is in old Mexico, over four hundred miles from here, and trying to get farther away. I have not seen an Indian since my arrival here, neither have I seen any person who has.

Large towns and villages, and heavy settlements of agriculturists and stockmen, are between this locality and the hostiles. Santa Fd was a primeval stronghold before the Spanish conquest, and a town of some importance to the white race when Pennsylvania was a wilderness and the first Dutch governor was slowly drilling the Knickerbocker ancestry in the difficult evolution of marching round the town pump. Once the capital and center of the Pueblo kingdom, it is rich in historic interest, and the archives of the territory kept, or rather neglected, in the queer old Palacio del Gobemador, where I write, hold treasure well worth the seeking of student and antiquary. The building itself has a history full of pathos and stirring incident as the ancient fort of St. Augustine, and is older than that venerable pile.

It had been the palace of the Pueblos immemorially before the holy name of Santa Fd was given in baptism of blood by the Spanish conquerors; palace of the Mexicans after they broke away from the crown, and palace ever since its occupation by El Gringo. In the stormy scenes of the seventeenth century it withstood several sieges; was repeatedly lost and won, as the white man or the red held the victory. Who shall say how many and how dark the crimes hidden within these dreary earthen walls? Mrs. Governor Magdalena and Socorro. Before there were railroads west of Kansas City lead bullion sold in St.

Louis at a profit, after being hauled by wagon from the Socorro and Magdalena mountains to Kansas City. The business paid then; it pays ingnitely more now with the railroad at Socorro, only twenty or thirty miles from the camps. The ore is carbonate, very easily worked, and can be reduced by a smelter without the use of a stamp-mill. The average assay yields about six per cent lead and twelve ounces of silver per ton. One or two assays have shown as high as twelve hundred ounces per ton, but these are not common.

The Nineveh copper mines, in the Magdalena mountains, carry thirty per cent copper, $20 per ton gold, and a trace of silver. The Nineveh gold lodes have a steady yield of $50 per ton. Pine and pifion for fuel is plenty, and on the San Lorenzo land grants, from four to twenty-five miles north of the mines, are inexhaustible beds of anthracite and bituminous coal. Clay of the very best quality and hematitic iron ore and limestone abound in the vicinity. About six hundred claims have been located at the Magdalena mines, on the principal pay streak, which averages about ten feet in width.

facilities for smelting. Tho Magdalena Mining and Smelting Company will have a smelter running within three weeks, having a capacity for running twenty-five tons of bullion daily from ore that carries forty per cent galena. A Chicago company has also arranged to build a smelter near Alamillo for the reduction of ores from the mines northeast of the Socorro mountains. Both companies will purchase ore from all parties who have it for sale. The Jemez Mountains.

The Jemez mountains, in Santa Ana county, west of Santa Fe, are attracting very general attention among the prospectors of central New Mexico. The prospecting and developing so far done, though chiefly of an initiatory nature, has been enough to prove the existence of gold and silver, as well'as copper and other metals of minor value. Coal is found in large quantities, and of the best quality. The five branches of the Jemez river supply the district with water for all purposes. The range in many parts is heavily timbered, this being of course an item of the utmost importance.

It is generally hoped that a railway will soon be built from Santa Fe west to the hot springs of the Jemez, where a popular resort is sure to be established before long. GENERAL NOTES. Tho rainfall of New Mexico is increasing annually. Santa Fd lias a flourishing Young Men's Chris-tiun Association. Las Cruces lias a fine new school building, and is happy accordingly.

Gas works and water works will soon be in operation at Santa FA Tho Baptists at Las Yegas aro arranging for tho erection of a fine church edifice. Santa Fd has a new lumber yard of Garden City dimensions. The building boom demands it. Another full story and a Mansard roof has lately been added to the Exchange Hotel at Santa Fd. Las Vegas will soon have a furniture factory in full blast.

The city expects to be the Lowell of New Mexico. A fine new eating-house at the Las Yegas depot will hereafter furnish substantial comfort to the south bound traveler. The famous grapes of southern New Mexico begin to reach Santa Fd in liberal quantities about the middle of August. The route from Santa Fe to White Oaks is via Galisteo, Sulphur Spring, Antelope Spring, Alkali Wells and Hockrkdles. White Oaks has a regular mail line, and claims to do a heavier post-office business than any other office in southern New Mexico.

The new Palace Hotel at Santa Fe is to have a front of ninety-six feet and a depth of one hundred and fifty feet. It will have all modern improvements. The contract for the new $100,000 hotel at the Las Vegas Hot Springs has been let to Rupe Castle, and work has been begun. The building will be first class in every particular. The school at Las Vegas, conducted by the Jesuit Fathers, has an attendance of about two hundred boys, while at the Sisters school is nearly an equal number of girls.

Both schools are in an exceedingly flourishing condition. The Hot Springs Street Railway Company has just been organized with a capital stock of The line is to run from the depot in the new town of Las Vegas, through the old town, to the Hot Springs, a distance of about six miles. In opening up an old Spanish mine recently, at the Cerrillos, a den of rattlesnakes was discovered, and over one hundred of the reptiles killed. This is the only mine of the kind known in the territory. In fact the indications" of such deposits are as rare as in Ireland.

Strangers in Las Vegas wonder what use can be found for the large shipments of lumber constantly being received. A short stay in the vicinity will explain the mystery. New houses of the most approved style, with all modem improvements, are springing up on every hand. At Rincon, San Miguel county, Mr. Pendaries has in operation a flouring mill run by water power, erected at a cost of about ten thousand dollars.

The mill has an overshot wheel sixteen feet in diameter, and the water which runs the wheel subsequently runs a sawmill, and is finally applied for purposes irrigation. Don Miguel A. Otero, one of the leading citizens of New Mexico, was asked by a journalist recently if he favored the establishment of mills and factories in the territory, and he answered most emphatically in the affirmative. He believed that woolen factories especially, on the Gallinas, Pecos and Rio Grande rivers, would prove remarkably paying investments. By act of the territorial legislature of New Mexico it is unlawful to take trout or any other fish from any of the waters of the territory, by the use of any poison or drug, or by the use of any explosive substance, or by the erection of any weir, dam or other artificial obstruction.

It is also unlawful to catch trout by the use of any net, seine or other device, excepting by hook and line. The general range of prices for provisions in New Mexico can be determined from the following quotations: Potatoes, $4.75 per cwt; Kansas flour, $3.55 per cwt; best granulated sugar, 14c per lb; coffee, 19c per lb; rice, 11 Jc per lb; best white navy beans, 6Jc per lb; lard, 13c per lb; best hams, 15c per lb. Good cows are worth from sixty to one hundred dollars, and good horses can be had for from one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five dollars. Here is Silver City in a nutshell. The Southwest says We have in Silver City three churches, three schools, three quartz mills, twelve stores, two hotels, four restaurants, four livery stables and corrals, one planing mill, sixteen saloons, Good Letters.

Mr.Z. L. White, formerly of the New York Tribune, but now the editor of the Providence Press, spent several weeks of the past summer among the mines of New Mexico, describing them in a series of interesting articles to the Tribune. These articles, as well as those, by the same writer, on the mines of Colorado, are to be published in a Tribune extra, for the benefit of all who desire to preserve them. They deserve careful attention.

One of Mr. Whites letters, not bearing particularly on the matter of mining, is reproduced in this issue of the Trail. It is an excellent piece of description, and at the time it was written was entirely accurate. The subsequent progress of the southern extension, however, has made some few changes in the figures given. The more important of these changes will be found noted The Bishops Garden.

One of the most charming places in all the Territory of New Mexico is the garden belonging to the residence of good Bishop Lamy, of Santa FA Tho venerable bishop has been a resident of Santa Fe for thirty years, and during all that long period he has been carefully working out many of the material, as well as the spiritual, problems presented to him in his peculiarly exalted position. Among the former is that of the possibilities of horticulture in the territory. The result of the bishops experiment is truly remarkable. The garden in question is located in the heart of the city of Santa Fe. Its long, wide avenues reach out from the bishops home toward the north and east.

On every side are rows and clumps of flourishing fruit trees of every sort. Peaches as fine as ever were seen large, richly-flavored apples, with keeping qualities rarely equaled pears, perfectly formed, without spot or blemish of any sort plums of all colors, satin-skinned, full of juice cherries nearly as large as the plums; apricots as fine as those of any climate dates as good as those from across the water prunes and quinces fit for show at a worlds fair oranges as good as the best from Florida, though not in large quantities almonds and other nuts grapes, such as described elsewhere in this paper; strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, currants, gooseberries, and other small fruit in great abundance, all these, together with the finer sorts of agricultural products, and a profusion of the most beautiful flowers, may be found -in the bishop's garden, the result of his wise forethought and patient waiting. At one side of the garden, extending some little way into it, is another feature which should not be forgotten: a splendid perennial spring supplies water for a largo pond, or series of ponds, in which are thousands of flashing trout, so tame that the gardeners frequently catch them by hand as they come to the surface for food. Flocks of water-fowl frequently settle upon these ponds for a rest on their way from river to river, so that a dish of trout may almost always be supplemented by some sort of delicate wild fowl. Bishop Lamy Guay mas.

The city of Guaymas, on the Gulf of California, will be the southwestern terminus of the Atchison, Topeka Santa Fd Railroad. The city has about eight thousand people, and is growing rapidly. The bay upon which the city is located affords one of the finest harbors on the Pacific coast. The houses of the city are of a more modern character than those of Santa Fd and other inland cities, and the general conditions of living are very satisfactory. As an example, may be cited the fact that oysters, fish, and oranges, are very cheap.

The pearl fisheries off the coast will be one of the most remunerative occupations. From Guaymas the railroad will go north to Her-mosillo, thence northeast to the Southern Pacific junction at Florida Point. A large construction force has its headquarters at Guaymas, so that the road is progressing from two directions. New Mexico at the Fair. Kansas City Daily Journal, Sept.

25. One of the points of interest in the main hall, up stairs, and in fact of the whole Exposition, is a small collection of fruit from New Mexico, entered by Col. Francisco Perea, as the representative of that territory. It was of interest for more than one reason. While we have been half a century connected with New Mexico by ties of traffic, yet we have never seen in Kansas City any of ner products, save silver, wool, and sometimes pifion nuts.

But here we have her fruits, vegetables, and particularly her grapes great clusters in size and perfection that our own vineyards do not rival, ana of a flavor that none of our varieties can match. The fact shows that New Mexico is one of the sisterhood; that she has entered the family in truth, and tells us how she lives and what her people raise at home. This is the work of the railroad. THE peoples EYES OPENED. We have been sending her our staple concentrated forms of food, but until now the people of the Missouri valley did not know anything of what is grown in New Mexico.

True we have heard old plainsmen tell of the rich wines of the Rio Grande, and many other things, but what they were we could form no idea of until the rich grapes gave testimony by their own presence and flavor. This small exhibit by Col. Perea has been a revelation to our people, and to the thousands that saw its many varieties, and will do more to attract attention to New Mexico, from the migrating people, than all the vast product of her mines can do. Such flavored fruits can only be grown in a perfect climate, and where they are produced in such perfection must be a congenial place for man to live and work. The sun and air that make the New Mexican grape must be an elixir for the human lungs and system.

We saw nothing in all the vast an ay on exhibition that possessed, to us, the interest that did these specimens from the gardens and vineyards of New Mexico. Iron and Steel Works. The citizens of Cimarron and vicinity are enthusiastic over the possibility of building up iron and steel works close by them. According to the best accounts there are in and near the Cimarron cafion large deposits of brown and red liema-titic and magnetic ore, manganese and inexhaustible fields of superior coal. These essentials to the successful establishment of ironworks are reinforced by the necessary supplies of wood and water, easy grades, ready access to supplies of -a-..