Manhattan Homestead from Manhattan, Kansas • 1

1ANHATTAN OMESTEAD. MANHATTAN, KANSAS, MARCH, 1896. Twenty-Eighth Year. Established 1868. A More Hutter and Eggs.

The College "Colony" at Cripple We have a few good farms to rent. Also houses. Can suit you exactly. Producing Turpentine. The manufacture of turpentine is a very couiiderable industry in the pine lands of Mississippi and Alabama.

At Buckatunna, we looked into the processes somewhat with the assist-aned of Messrs. Davis and Bufkin and found them quite interesting. The worst feature, to our eyes, was the injury to the trunks. Possibly this was more apparent than real, but the scared timber of the great pines stood as protests against such treatment. A turpentine orchard or camp usually comprises ten thousand boxes, as this number can be most economically tended, and the number of teas used for the purpose would be from 300 to 500, as a large tree will stand four boxes, and smaller ones a less number.

The Unequal Assessments The assessors of the several townships in Riley county met and agreed on a vote for assessment, in part, as follows: Stallions, (10 for eaoh 1 charged for lervloe. Thorough-breda, atandard-bred and fnll blood mates (20 00 to 140 00 All other horses 8 00 to 15 00 Mules same aa horses. Thorough-bred bulls 10 00 to 30 00 Grade or sorub bulls 6 00 to 15 00 Thorough-bred cows and calvos 10 00 to 30 00 Native cows and 2-yr old ateors 6 00 to 10 00 Native 2-y old hoifora and 1-yr 4 00 to 7 00 1-yr old helfera and calves 8 00 to 5 00 3 and 4yr old steers 10 00 to 20 00 Work oxen, por yoke 30 00 to 50 00 Fat steers, per 100 to 1 26 Fatoowa, por 75 to 1C0 Sheep and goats, each 60 to 8 00 Hogs, per cwt 1 00 Wheat, perbu 15 Corn, por 05 Oats, perbu 04 Barley and rye, per bu. 10 Irish potatoes, perbu 12 PUBLISHED MONTHLY AT 25 CENTS A YEAR. By L.

R. ELLIOTT. F. B. ELLIOTT, Assistant.

Lent is the season of sackcloth and spring sewing. Hutchinson News. Dr. Itfayo now holds the position of "honorary veterinarian" to the State Board of Agriculture. Nearly 80,000 bushels of corn have been purchased by Dewey in the last ten days, at 20 cents a bushel.

Twenty cents for corn calls the farmers in. At one time, Monday, there were 110 wagons, loaded and unloaded, in Bight at the Dewey cribs. 0.0. Howard's first apple orchard is about thirty years old. Many of the trees are dead, and he is replacing them with Hale's Early peach trees.

N. H. Knight recently returned from Springfield, where he saw G. A. Atwood and J.

M. Fortner. The latter is engaged in the real estate business. Only six Februaries in the past 29 years have been warmer than last month. Highest temperature, 73.5 degrees; lowest, 8.5 degrees.

Only two inches of snow, and the rainfall was practically nothing. Crock, From the Industrialist. President Fairchild, being in Colora do on College business last week, made visit of a day to that city of new mines, Cripple Creek. Amid the bustling throng of seekers after precious metals, directly or indirectly, a consider able number of graduates and former students were met, and others were heard about, F. M.

Jeffery, '81, with Mrs. llattie Lightfoot-Jeflery, occupy the home of the Mayor of West Cripple Creek, the newest part of the city. Mr. W. J.

Lightfoot, '81, and Mrs. Grace Strong-Lightfoot have their home also in West Cripple Creek. Mr. Lightfoot is City Engineer, but his chief work is that of mining engineer, in which he has the help of ten assistants. In Mr.

Lightfoot's employ are II. Kern, '84, and W. II. Steuart, '95. Another mining engineer of experience is Mr.

F. E. Baxter son-in-law of Henry Strong, student in 18S8, who has been at Crip ple Creek for several years. Others met during the day were J. L.

McDowell, '92, Fairy Strong, J. L. McNair, S. E. McNair, and Mr.

Will. Among those reported to be in the neighborhood were F. W. Dunn, '84, Harvey Dunn, S. N.

Swinglee, and Horace Adams. With a little longer notice, a consid erable reunion might have been gath ered; as it wits, the unexpected greeting of so many old friends was very de lightful. Cripple Creek is impressing as a most busy collection of humanity as yet only trying to stay till a stake is made. Multitudes find legitimate employment in caring for the wants of other multitudes who are prospecting for gold or mining that already discovered. Still other multitudes are speculating in chances by purchasing shares in all sorts of claims, hoping that some of them may bring a fortune.

Not a few are there because the crowd affords a place for mere gambling and wild speculating, even to lawlessness. The whole region for miles around is covered by Beveral thicknesses of claims, all of which have some show of work, and Borne of which have already produced abundant evidence of rich deposits. Manhattan Horticultural Society The program of the Manhattan Hor ticultural society, for the entire year, has been issued, together with the dates and places of meeting. We here reproduce it, and trust that all those interested in the Society will preserve this program for use during the year: April 18 At Johnathan Da vies'. Some methods of controlling our inaect enemies F.

A. Marlatt Farming in Wales vs farming in America Jobnatban Davies' The markets of London and Paris Mrs Kedzle May 21 -At S. D. Moses'. Fruit raising in A.

S. Hitchcock Wild fruits of Kansas worthy of cultivation. T. W. Morse The value of experience Sam Kimble JunelO-AtL, K.Elliott's.

What to plant on a town lot J.T. Wlllard Onion oulture Prof. Lee A glance at horticulture in Europe Pros. Fairchild July 10-At Stsphen Barnes'. Pollination J.B.

S. Norton Fruit tree planting la southern Missouri 7 F. C. Uurtis Spraying I. Jones August 20 -At W.

Marlatt's. MistakoB In horticulture W. J. Grilling The law of natural soloction as exemplified in the BtrUKirle- between native and Introduced plants In Kansas O. h.

Clothier Strawberry Bhort oake Ed Seorest 8optomber 17 At Judge Harper's. Propagation of plants for greenhouse and garden Wm. Baxter Beneficial ineects Bertha Kimball Some desirable Improvements in the city of Manhattan J. D. Walters October 15 At Wm.

Knipe's. Forest tree oulture in Kansas S. C. Ma son The best ornamental A. Fopecoe November 19 At Horticultural ball.

Soil G. H. Fallyer The Ozark region as a fruit country O. C. Georgeson The Importance of Mrs.

Sam Kimble December 7 At Horticultural Hall. Election of officers. My experience in fruit raising. C. W.

Kimball Orchard fruits in the future W. Marlatt L. R. Elliott has been elected one the vice-presidents of the State Tem perance Union. llomeseekers Excursions.

Cheap Rates via Burlington Route. On April 21st, and May 5th, the Burlington Route will sell tickets at very low rates to points in Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, Minnesota and other territory. Ask your ticket agent. L. W.

Wakblet, G. P. A. St. Louis, Mo.

PASTURE LANDS. I have some fine tracts of lands fenced and unfenced good pasture land wbloh I am offering on very reasonable terms. Well-watered pasture land is getting to be a source article, and commands a good price. Scandinavian and German Collections. I have made euch arrangements as will enable me to collect at very small cost, claims and inheritances iu Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Germany.

1 can also remit funds to any part or To the friends who need any thing iu this line, we say call In and let us taltc it over. An Industry Which Kansas Farmers Must Not Overlook. From Topeka Mall and Breeze. The Mail has no more staunch and enthusiastic supporter in its campaign for upbuilding home industries and the support of home enterprises than Secretary Coburn, of the State Board of Agriculture. It has for years been a hobby of his as a business and newspaper man, as well as an official, that there is no way more effective for Kansas to lift itself out of a condition of chronic hard-upness into comfortable independence than by paying more in telligent attention to what are regard ed as minor industries, or something smaller than trying to raise corn and wheat by the hundreds of acres and depending on these to pay for whatever else a family or establishment may require.

Asked the other day as to some par- ticulai direction in which the agricultural people were likely to find com fortable and sure profits on the use of their hands and brains, he suggested a better acquaintance with the cow. "Do you know," says he, that there is a mine of good living for a family in a half dozen judiciously selected and well managed cows? Only about one man in a hundred comprehends the possibilities of a good cow. Many a Kansas housewife, from four or five ordinary cows and two or three dozen fowls, procures in a year more comforts that go to make a home than her hus band, the boys and all the hired men do off the whole quarter or half sec tion. The more the matter is looked into the more I am persuaded there 1b a great future for the dairy interest in Kansas. With our excellent grasses, the tremendous qualities of inexpen sive Indian corn, Kaffir corn, sorghum, that we can raise for botn grain and forage, also corn and other cropB available for ensilage (affording suc culent, milk-producing feed throughout the winter,) there can scarcely be a limit to our possible dairy output The demonstrated underground supply of pure, cold water, which the.harneBS ed wind will deliver fresh every hour, constitutes a valuable, not to say all- important, adjunct to such a business; and many among the shrewder farmers in such counties as McPherson, Dickinson, Harvey, Clay, and others are encouraging co-operative and other but ter factories, and deriving handsome profits in bo doing.

In Southern Wis consin and Northern Illinois they have been working right along these lines for twenty-five years, and nowhere else in the country are there communities so really prosperous, comfortable, in dependent and contented, lhey are out of debt, own well-improved farms, with good houses, big red barns, and money in bank. The cow did it. "1 do not, by any means, advise every one to rusu into tne creamery business, especially at the instance of promoters and sharks who have equip ment and machinery to sell at two or three prices, because failure would then be certain. On the other hand no move should be made without first visiting and learning all possible from those who are most successful in the same business, near by, as to just what and why and how they do to merit and compel success. This implies develop ing the work gradually from modest beginnings; profiting and learning by experience, and using brains.

"Kansas is unmistakably to be great dairy state, and I hope to be help ful in hastening tne day. 1 am sure the well-bred cow and unpretentiou hen are to be important factors in our future prosperity." Likes Kansas Best. 0. B. Selby writes from Marion, under date, Feb.

23, and says: "Well, like the Virginia people and the country very much; but I shall not stay here much longer. I have just returned from a trip across the Blue Ridge, where I went to visit the largest alkali and salt works in the U. S. I also visited the Max Meadows iron furnace, and saw them take the iron ore and extract the metal from it. To me this process was interesting indeed.

Virginia people are antiquated in their ideas, and they have little of progress and push. They are satisfied with what they have, and are not at all ambitious. I like the west better for having Been this country. I know now that the west is modern, and far ahead of this section in every particular. I have been all over West and and none of them do I like as well as Kansas.and I am always proud to lye my eyes out and tell these folks of the industrious and energetio people the west posesses." Mr.Selby gives the Va.

churches the benefit of his Bkilfull playing on the cornet. Ed. Bee the Henney Buggy before purchase, at Lyman's Livery. you 8-01 Notice the cut in prices on the fine residences Nob. 3104 and 1052.

These are choice bargains. A new $15,000 steel bridge is taking the place of the old railroad bridge across the Blue at Garrison crossing. Don't overlook the subject present ed under No. 2304. It is well worth your attention.

Call in and get the facts. I have a good farm for rent. Come in for particulars. Also several houses. Convenient and low priced.

L. R. Elliott. A letter from Binghamton, N. of date March 16th, says: "We have fine sleighing just now, winter having last ed into March." No farmer in Kansas should fail to subsbribe for, and read the Farmer, published in Topeka.

Only one dollar a year, and less in clubs. The Manhattan band has reorganis ed. W. C. Pratt is leader, W.

B. Leices ter and Harry Zeigler managers, and Chas. Lyman secretary and treasurer. Tick's seeds and plants are always reliable. This firm has supplied the people for many years, and that always give satisfaction.

Address, Rochester, N.Y. For irrigated lands in Colorado, the best in the market, call on L. R.Elliott. Better secure a tract now. Big bar gains on the Amity canal in the Ar kansas valley.

Geo. B. Taylor, writing from San Francisco, of date Marcn otn, says We had snow the 3d for the first time in several years, and pretty cold weath er, but the fruit has not been injured to any great extent." The B. Mo. R.

R. system, has a neat new advertisement in this issue. This is one of the few roads in the country that goes "everywhere." You can ticket to just the point yon wan to reach via the Burlington. We have made several sales of farms and city property within a short time but the prices have ruled low, some times disastrously low, For example the four-room house and lot 554, ward 1, we sold for $400, cash. It is a good time to buy.

Mies Gertrude Coburn, a former graduate of the Agricultural College and daughter of Secretary Coburn of the State Board of Agriculture, has been elected to the chair of domestic economy, of the Iowa State Agricultur al College, at a salary of $1,200 a year. Louis Kurtz, who was a grocer here in the sixties, died recently in Pueblo, Colo. Mr. Kurtz's store was located near where Schultz's meat market now Btands. His eon George, who was born here, returned a year since from an absence of many years and is building up a very promising business as a photographer.

F. R. French, of Lakin, Kearney county, was in the city this week, to visit his son who is a first year pupil in College. Mr. French discovered an old friend here, in the person of Wm.

KnoBtman, whom he knew thirty years ago as merchant and postmaster in Catlettsburg, Kentucky. These old friends had a very pleasant reunion, and greatly enjoyed their reminiscences W. Marlatt expects to set out 2500 peach trees this spring, on the north' east portion of his farm on College lull, lie has selected lo varieties as best adapted to this climate. Last year Mr. Marlatt marketed $300 worth of peaches in two weeks.

This one crop paid all the expenses of his peach orchard since it was planted and allow ed $10 an acre for the use of the ground, and the orchard had previously borne two good crops. The outcome of Mr. Marlatt's extensive planting this year will be watched with interest by fruit growers in this vicinity. The bane of country life is its lonell ness. In the larger portion of our agricultural domain the average size of the farm is 160 acres.

If these farms were reduced in size to 10 acres, which is the average in center portions of irrigated America, sixteen families would occupy the space now held by one. Neighbors would then be sixteen times as numerous and the possibilities of social enjoyment multiplied in that ratio. It is here that irrigation strikes its first blow at the barrenness and hard ness of prevailing conditions. The 10- acre farm brings the public library, the Bcbool and the church within easy reach of the men who till the soil They not only enjoy all the advantages of country life, but the chief advanta' ges of the life of the town. "box" is a cavity cut into the trunk of the tree about two feet from the ground.

This is cut with a boxing ax, the bit of which is 3 inches wide, and the whole ax 12 inches long. The "box" must be guaged to bold a quart, and this requires skill in the. use of the ax, and it also makes a very large scar in the trunk of the tree. And four such scars is a terrible mutilation of the tree. The cut into the tree probably exposes a foot square of sloping surface of the pine above the box, from which the turpentine exudes and runs into the box.

As often as the boxes are filled, so often are they emptied, and to keep up the flow, a man goes around every month with a "hacker" as the Mexican does to his pulque plant, and scars or hacks the exposed surface of the tree abovo the box, enlarging tne cost by cutting away the bark above and thus presenting a fresh surface from which the turpentine more freely exudes. The tool used, called a "hacker," is of pe culiar construction and not easy to describe. The cutting portion of it has the form of a gouge, and it is fixed in a short handle with the cutting edge toward the handle, so as to make it possible to give a downward drawing stroke; and to facilitate this stroke the other end of the handle is loaded with an iron ball, weighing from 3 to 5 pounds, which is solidly secured to the handle by a perforation in the ball. It is one man's business to hack the 000 boxes once a month. When the box is full, the turpentine is dipped out with a flat, oval, steel 'dipper" much resembliug a mason's trowel, and is transferred to barrels that have been coated with whiting to prevent the adhesion of the gum.

These barrels are transported to the turpentine still. At the still the turpentine is heated in copper tanks to a tempera ture that causes it to give off the vola tile portion that we know as spirits of turpentine, which amounts to about one-third of the original gum by measure. The separation of the spirits from the heated mass is made by a stiil-worm, and the less volatile por. tion is then drawn from the tank and caused to pass through a coarse cotton fabric, made for the purpose, into a cooling vat. The cotton strainer is sustained by a heavy wire screen across the mouth of the vat.

The mass thus strained is a clear amber colored semi- liauid. When partly cooled this is dipped by great ladles into barrels, and is the rosin of commerce. The full barrels weigh about 400 pounds each, and are worth now about $2.25 to $3.00, for 230 pounds. Of course we all know tnat roBin is used by the fiddler to anti-lubricate his bow; but perhaps we do not know that much of it is used in the manufac. ture of soap and chewing gum.

The turpentine season fairly begins in March, and lasts about four months. Boxing was being done at the time of our visit, the middle of February. Again recurring to the timber. We saw many great trees standing appar entlv unharmed, that were boxed near all around, yet green as ever at the top. Wanted a Boy and Cirl In every town and village to earn 25 cents in five minutes.

The Great Divide makes this remarkable oiler so If any boy or girl sends their name and full address, full particulars will be sent by return mall free. Address The Great Divide, 819 Dearborn Btreet, Chicago, III. Heduced Prices. You can now afford to buy that tract of railroad land that you want for pasture, as I am offering it at reduced prices, Come in and Bee what can be done. I can tioket you direct to any part of the world.

From Manhattan to Cape Town, South Africa, only $51.05, yla New York, and South Hampton, England. It is cheaper than staying at home. Monday evening a meeting of free-silrer advocates was held in Topeka, for the purpose of forming a new organization. A State central committee was named with A. C.

Shinn, of Franklin county, as chairman. L. R. Elliott is the member from the Fifth congressional district. A call has been issued for a State convention to be held in Topeka, July ltitn.

Sweet potatooa, por bu 12 Bicycles (15 00 to (40 00 Lands: Lowest, $1.50 per acre; high est, $25 per acre. In Pottawatomie county, juBt across the river, the assessors have agreed in part, as follows: Lands from (5. to (00. per acre Horace and mules from (6. to (200 8tallIona and Jacks for every (5.00 for aorvice (200 Bulls from (16 to (40 Thoroughbred cows 20 00 to Cows 15 00 to oar-old helfera 12 00 to 1-year-old betters 8 00 to Steora, ooinlng 3-yeara-old 25 00 to Stoers, coming 2-yeara-old 18 00 to Stoera, coming 1-year-old 10 00 to Fat steers, per owt 8 00 to 60 00 80 00 20 00 12 00 85 00 80 00 18 00 3 60 3 60 3 00 800 8 00 15 00 60 00 200 00 20 00 Butcher stuff 1 60 to Sheep, por bead 2 00 to Thoroughbred rams 3 00 to Hogs, per owt Thoroughbred 5 00 to Wagons 10 00 to Pleasure carriages 10 00 to Koad carts 5 00 to Bloyoloa 20 00 to 125 CO 40 Si 40 15 18 Wheat, per bushel 80 to Ky per bushel.

25 to Barley, ber bushel Oats, per bushel Corn, per buahel '15 to Millet aeod, per bushel Flax seed, per buahel 40 CO 1 CO Timothy aoed, per Kcd clover aeed, per bush, 1... 4 00 Alfalfa aeed, per buahel Potatoes, per buahel Bay. per ton 1 00 to 4 00 26 i 60 07 07 Lard, per pound Baoon, per bound Burnt, per pound Organs 16 00 to 0B 75 00 300 00 76 00 Pianos 23 00 to 6 00 to Average merchant stock, true value." Money and notes, full value Farm Implements, true value. Plates and allvorware, true valuo. All personal property to be listed at actual cash value after deducting the 200 exemption, one-third of the bal ance to be returned as assessed value.

The difference in these values is very apparent. Whether Riley county is too low or Pottawatomie too high let the reader determine. But certainly the difference in values ought not to be so great in opposite sides of the river. In payment of local taxeB it will make no difference, because the needed amount must be raised regardless of voters action; but in State taxes the burden will be unequally distributed on rich valuations as above noted. Annihilates Colds.

Dr. Humphreys' Specific "77" annl hilates colds, and puts grip to flight For sale by all druggists John II. Clark, of Fancy Creek, Clay county, KansaB, is probably the oldest person who ever made the nntim AHCftnt to the ton of the state house dome. He is 83 years of age, and did it unaided Saturday morning, walk ing all the way. The dome is about 300 feet high, and necessitates some- thine like two thousand BtepB, most of them up steep stairways, through dark passages.and in places where a miBBtep would hurl a man to a floor bo far be lnw that he would be dead before he reached it, and would be simply crush nil flnt.

when he did. The trip is a trial for young people. Republic. Mr. Clark was a 49er, and made hazardous trip across the plains to California, and epent Beveral years mining in that then wild country.

He has been a long-time resident of Kan sas, pre-empted the land that is now his homestead, and served for some vnara as mail acent on the Central Branch road, when that road only reach ed from Atchiaon to Waterville. We have some very interesting mat ter Dertaining to Arkansas. Come in and get a supply. To the Goldltelds of the West. Via the Burlington Route.

A fast through vestibuled train daily to Denver making direct connection for Cripple Creek, also fast daily train to the goldfields of Montana and Black Hills 200 miles shortest line from Missouri River; ask your agent for information about the Burlington Route. L. W. Wakklky, G. P.

St. Louis, Mo. Secretray Coburn, of the State Board of Agriculture, receives letters daily in praise of Kaffir corn. It will not only withstand drouth, but will furnish much more and better food for cattle than the usual kind. S.

D. Moses has a half Jersey cow from whose milk two pounds of butter a day were made during February. This is better than the two cows did in the item published last week from the Junction City Union. The Irrigation Age is valuable magazine, full of good reading and well Illustrated, and it will keep you posted on irrigation matters. We will take pleasure in getting this publication for any of our readers at a low price.

Eev. Dr. F. W. Gunsaulas, of Chicago, will deliver the commencement address before the Kansas university next June.

This will take the place of any orations by students, and is what the students have wanted for years. M. S. Amos has leased the Cedar Park House of R. Blood for the ensuing year.

He took possession Monday. Mr. Amos was formerly landlord of the St. James, and has of late been running the Whitney boarding house, near the College. Pres.

Fairchild is a member of a committee appointed by the State Teachers' Association; more than a year ago, to select for Kansas a uniform course of study, including the district schools. The committee has an im portant task, and is doing a much- needed work. John Warner has rented his farm to his son-in-law, Mr. Turner, and proposes to take things easy for the coming year. During the summer he and Mrs.

Warner will visit in Nebraska, Indiana and Pennsylvania, and will probably spend next winter in south ern California. Many old settlers and other friends gathered at the late residence of Mrs Sam Kimble, last Saturday, to pay the last tribute of respect to her re mains. Rev. E. Gill presided.

Thirty six years she had lived in this vicinity, and her death is therefore mourned by a very large circle of friends. The committee of fifty provided for by a recent State temperance confer ence, in Topeka, has been announced. In the list we observe the names of R. 8. Hick and J.

P. Easterly, one being credited from Pottawatomie and the other from Greenwood county. The object of the committee will be to se cure a better enforcement of the pro hibitory law. There are now 1,120 lepers in the colony on the island of Molokai, one of the Sandwich Islands. They occupy a projecting arm of the island which is almost a promontory in its ruggedness and which is naturally separated from the main island by an almost impassa hie ridge.

The government cares for them in their seclusion at a cost of about $10,000 a month, MA Bird's-Eye-view of Santa Clara County, Cal. from the Lick observatory on Mt.Hamilton, "Such is the title of large lithograph recently sent us by the Elliott Publishing San Fran ciboo. This gives a very accurate view of the populous region named. The Elliott Publishing Co. is doing a very large share of the fine lithographic work on the Pacific slope.

The Hand Book of California by this firm is an accurate and valuable book for only 60 cents. ha. onif Botii.