The Industrialist du lieu suivant : Manhattan, Kansas • 2

requires a knowledge of science. He knows from past observation and experience why he applies fertilizers to the soil but how they give to the soil those properties necessary to fertility is a problem which can only be solved by science itself. To be able to apply fertilizers in one place where they will be of double the value that they would be in another, is certainly worth the time and consideration of every farmer. Science thus far has done comparatively little for the farm. We can see it in the performance of its greater functions but in its more minute workings we cannot trace it.

By understanding the physiology of animals and vegetables, we are better enabled to breed stock and grow crops than without this understanding. Having a knowledge of any process, we can perform it to a greater advantage than we could without such knowledge. What lies at the foundation of a knowledge of agriculture and the manner of practicing the art We reply, systematic knowledge science. Wm. K.

Eckman, of class in Practical Agriculture. Rev. R. Cordley, of Emporia, preached a sermon on "The Normal School" a few Sabbath evenings since. Referring to the functions of the three State institutions, he spoke as follows about the Agricultural College: The Agricultural College should be broad- er than its name implies, and should teach not only the principles and practice of agriculture, but the principles that underlie all the industrial arts the principles that underlie architecture and building, mining and the working of metals, the manufacture and coloring of fabrics, and other branches of industry.

"Iliilish Language. The direct aim of the course is to make the student skillful in handling the machinery called language, just as an engineer handles his locomotive. Drill in English. History of English, Structure of English, Study ol Words, and Rhetoric. Constant practice in the class room, and, if desired, at the printer's cases.

THE INDUSTRIALIST, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 23, 1878. JNO. A. ANDERSON, Managing Editor. ASSOCIATE EDITORS, MEMBERS OF TUB FACULTY.

Arsenical Papers. So many articles upon the dangers from the use of arsenical wall-papers have appeared in the press, that it may seem needless to again call attention to the subject. But if any apology is required for so doing, let it be found in the prevalence of the condemned papers. So long as manufacturers persist in using arsenical colors and consumers unconsciously use the articles thus colored, there is need for every means that will cause our people to realize the dangers to which they expose themselves. If the demand for these papers ceases, their manufacture will also cease.

The venders are generally innocent, for they are unaware of the nature of the colors; but manufacturers, knowing the dangerous character of the substances used, show a reckless disregard for the welfare of their fellows. The green pigments containing arsenic, generally employed, are the arsenite of copper, known as Scheele's Green," and aceto-arsenite of copper, known as "Schweinfurt's Green," Emerald Green," and various other innocent aliases. The brilliant green which they afford has met with universal favor and, being permanent, these arsenical colors are almost universally employed where these qualities are desired. Six samples of wall-paper containing green vines, leaves and other figures, were recently examined. Five gave unmistakable evidences of arsenic.

In some cases, the arsenic was present in great abundance. These pigments are insoluble in water, and are applied to the surface of the articles to be colored by means of a size. The alternations of heat and cold, of dryness and moisture, destroy the adhesiveness of the size and, ultimately, the arsenic, freed from the walls, floats in the air of the room. It has often been detected in the dust collected in rooms hung with arsenical paper. But this use of arsenic is not confined to wall-paper.

It occurs in an almost infinite variety of articles. Ornamental boxes and cards owe their splendid green to this deadly substance. The same is generally true of green gloves, green tarlatan and artificial wreaths. Children are given toys and bonbons colored with arsenic compounds. In tinted letter-paper, the Schweinfurt's green is incorporated with the pulp during the manufacture.

Lamp-shades are often colored with arsenic, in which ease the heat of the lamp may volatilize the arsenic and send it on its mission of death. The danger does not, as some feign to believe, exist in the imagination of a few fanatics. It is real. Many cases of poisoning from these sources are on record. A few cases have been fatal but more frequently the effects are constitutional.

The symptoms are the same as those of some common diseases; and often the patient is treated for such disease without the least suspicion of the real cause. Dr. Taylor, in his Treatise on Poisons," says "The symptoms produced by arsenicated wall-paper are of a uniform character, showing their origin from a common catiRe. Thev areas follows: dryness and irritation of the throat, with cough, irritation of the mucus membrane of the eyes and nostrils, dry cough, shortness of breathing, languor, headache, loss of appetite, nausea, colicky pains, numbness, grout prostration of the strength, sleeplessness, a feverish condition and wasting of the body. These symptoms may not all present themselves in any one case they are derived from the examination of numerous cases which have been referred to me.

They resemble those of a severe cold." Wo have but a very slight conception of the number of persons who go into a decline, as we are told, and finally die of consumption, when the true cause is this slow poison. These persons remain in close rooms, lest the fresh air give them additional "colds." Every breath of air they breathe is freighted with disease and death, instead of with joyous life and vitality. It is encouraging, however, to note that in the matter of wall-paper the taste of our people does not favor the green colors as formerly, and our dealers have a large proportion of other shades. But, nevertheless, immense quantities of these poisonous colors are yet taken into bur houses in wall-paper and other articles. The rejection of papers with conspicuous green bands and does not insure perfect immunity from the evil.

The best grades of paper often have the green added to somber colors, giving a fine and delicate tint that is very agreeable. And since the poison is over the whole surface of the paper, it may contain large quantities and be difficult of detection. It becomes a question of practical importance how arsenical colors may be detected. A very simple method is, to place a few drops of aqua ammonia, or hartshorn, upon the suspected papers. If, after a.

few minutes, the green color is discharged or so changed as to indicate that the ammonia is dissolving the coloring matter, pour the liquid upon a clean piece of glass and drop in it a small crystal of silver nitrate or lunar caustic; a light yellow or yellowish green precipitate will form about the crystal, if arsenic is present. These articles may be obtained at any drug store, and will serve as a test for common use. Those who wish a more delicate and more satisfactory test may place strips of the colored paper in a porcelain capsule, covering it with a hot saturated solution of potassium chlorate. This is to be evaporated to dryness in a water-bath. The paper is then burned, covering it with a bell-glass that no arsenic be lost.

The ash is then pulverized and treated with the water with which the glass and plate have been rinsed. Thus the arsenic, freed from copper, in combination with potassium, is dissolved. It may be neutralized with sulphuric acid and introduced into a Marsh's apparatus. 0. II.

Failyer. Bulbs. There are few flowers that give more satisfaction than these. There may be a difference of opinion as to what are true bulbs. According to botany and the facts, a bulb is a collection of the butt ends of leaves or undeveloped scaly leaves, stored with nourishment for future use.

Nearly all plants consist of three parts, roots, stems and leaves. The roots of a bulb are those threadlike roots at the bottom of an onion or lily. The stem is very short and is that little hard core or knot that remains hard when an onion is boiled. To it are attached all the roots and the leaves and scales of the bulb. Inside the thick, scaly folds, so bountifully stored with rich food for the next year's growth, is one or, rarely, two or three buds.

The plant has been a whole year, or may be two or three years, growing, and every year enlarging and renewing itself until it has produced a strong flower-bud. The whole of this rich food is then made use of in the growth of the flower-stalk, and another bulb is formed by the side of the old exhausted and decayed one. But there are some things called bulbs that are not bulbs. Such are the short, hard, fleshy underground stems of the glad iolus, the crocus and the Indian turnip. These are properly called corras.

Also, the tuber of the common potato, which is an enlarged, fleshy, underground stem. It has buds or eyes," and so has the corm. But it matters less what we call these things than whether we plant them or not. Nature has suited them for making rapid growth in a dry climate. In Kansas there are more bulbs than we may think.

The common sheep-sorrel of the West grows from bulbs. So does the bright anemone with its many varieties, and the nodding erythronium. These are two of the earliest flowers we see in spring. But if we want early flowers about our doors, we must plant the crocus and hyacinth. The snow has scarcely gone when the crocus smiles in our faces.

The hyacinth is more showy, and its fragrance is delicious. The lily is perhaps the finest of all bulbous flowers. We have the tall tiger or leopard lily, which continues to bloom for more than a month in midsummer. The white lily is also tall, and its whiteness is the emblem of the purest purity. There are many varieties of the Japan lily which surpass even these in variety and brilliancy of color, although they are not so tall and strong, or so free to bloom.

The tulip is not less varied and gorgeous in its flowers. These are all hardy, and should be planted in the fall to secure good blooming the next year. Now is the time to make beds and plant these bulbs. A few cents or dollars exchanged for these will not only give pleasure the next year, but, as they multiply without attention, you will have the worth of your money and about one hundred per cent interest after the flowering season is over. You can then replant or let them remain in th; ground, and have some to give to your neighbors.

If planted almost anywhere in rich soil, about four inches deep, before the ground is frozen too hard to work, they will grow finely. A light covering of coarse litter is the best protection corn stalks are good, as they do not smother the plants. You can procure all kinds of bulbs of James Vick, Rochester, N. Y. or if you want to patronize a good, honest, Kansas man, send to J.

W. Latimer, of Pleasanton, Linn county. I have known and dealt with him for years, and he will do just what he promises. About spring bulbs I may tell you by the time you are thinking of that season's work. If.

E. VanDeman. The Use of to the Farmers. Many farmers who have not had the opportunity of studying the sciences often inquire: Of what use is science to the farm? They will cite farmers who had the advantages of a scientific course, and remark that the experiments performed, or scienilfic investigations of any kind made by them, are of the least and oftener of no value whatever to the farmers as a class. But we are compelled to make allowance for talk of this sort, as it requires some thought and study to penetrate this question and obtain satisfactory results.

Every reformation or improvement has encountered greater or less opposition before it has been generally recognized by mankind; and science with respect to the farm is not an exception to this rule. But agriculture itself must be progressive before science can do anything for it, and each advancing step that it takes brings it so much nearer to the point at which science can join hands with the art and by the union of these forces a higher and more rapid development of agriculture may be obtained. The farmer who observes a phenomenon naturally asks the cause. To answer this flheinistry and Physics. The mostval- uable and practical course in the West.

Elementary Physics, Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Chemical Analysis, Agricultural Chemistry, Metallurgy, Chemical Physics, Meteorology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Photography and Household Chemistry. Habits of Plants. Thorough instruction in Vegetable Physiology tracing the development of the root, stem, bud, loaf, flower and seed. Careful study of cereal grains, grasses, and other food-plants, and of native and foreign weeds. Special attention paid to the habits and best methods of preventing or destroying insects inimical to the Kansas Farmer.

ew Book. Just issued from the press of the Vein una Pnhliiihlncr I Trump nt Tnnplrn nnrt written by a Kansan, who is no other than Noble L. Prentis, entitled "A Kansan Abroad." No person will read this book through without feeling that he has received at least twice the value of his money. Sold at the publisher's price, $1.25, by Win. Dent, Agent, Manhattan.

MTaiihattan Bank. E. B. Purcell, Banker; MM jno. W.

Webb, Cashier. A general banking business transacted. Bills of Exchange is sued on all principal cities and tow.ns of Europe. All collections have the personal, faithful and prompt attention of our attorney. Proceeds remitted promptly, at current rates of exchange, without any charge of commission.

Mathematics. Practical, direct and thorough drill in Arithmetic, Book-Keeping, Industrial Drawing, Algebra, Geometry, Trigonometry, Surveying, Mechanics and Engineering. Work in Field, with Tape Line, Chain, Compasses, Transit and Level. The course is shaped for the benefit of the farmer, mechanic, or business man, rather than for the benefit of the astronomer. Club Rates.

The regular price of the Kan- sas Farmer, an eight-page weekly, edited and published by Major J. K. Hudson, Topeka, Kansas, is two dollars per year; and that of the American Young Fblks, ft sixteen-page monthly, same publisher, fifty cents a year. We we will send to any address, for one year, the Farmer, the American Young Folks and the Industrialist for 92.75 or the Farmer and Industrialist for or the American Young Folks and the Industrialist for $1.00. 26-tf A Kansan Abroad, By Noble L.

PrentijlJ In this volume Mr. Prentis has collected htJV letters first published in the Commonwealth, under the title of "Prentis in Europe;" "Pike of Pike's Peak," the interesting address originally delivered under the auspices of the Kansas State Historical Society, and never before printed; and "The World a School," the annual address before the State Agricultural College, delivered May 23, 1875. One volume, of 225 pages, tinted paper, full muslin binding embellished after design by Henry Worrall. Price, by mail. $1.23.

Address George W. Martin, Publisher..