The Elk City Globe du lieu suivant : Elk City, Kansas • 2

was at this latt- ELK CITY GLOB BANKRUPTCY LAWS. Brief Review of the Origin and Course non-trad-- that insoWeat anything their own c- admitted Wmi cold oflhelaw andof th wqmrente ItaeTto ewf as can be afforded by acertifi- each particular case mat c-: 1 ws cata of discharge in bankruptcy, them. The machinery was v-. -f- V1 -ine ELK CITY, KANSAS. r- STATE C- Kiowa to have hoteL I5fty bushels per acre.

isconsidereiS an for corn in Norton county this season. Atchisop Champion: Kansas haa 999 postmaster who receive less than $100 per annum. xl. t-i-. ii- 1.

.1. 1 1 mni uo wsu wmw, iu me way ui assisT)meiiLS. i- Storie3 wi tuts iuo I 1 vuiuwioumo I doubtless tachments, and the like. would instant was of Insolvency Legislation. 1 Debtor and Creditor The a AncIent Times -rst English Bankruptcy Act.

verv expensive, ana i and the king's bench are too well ly revive. The lawvers inconsress. these considerations thai known to need more than a brief ref who make probablv a maioritv -of CURRENT TOPICS. erence Various acts had been passed speedy repeal of the act, wmcn iiaa, of however, been only jwr a which had, its both houses, were largely impressed irom lszo upward with the tmrnose 825 upward with the purpose tfimnnrarv one. being liixu "jr President Arthur has appointed uiumu! mat, ra conjunc- affording relief to insolvent debtors of the class, which included final clause to a duration of five years, tion with the pressure of the general Williams postmaster at Seneca for bv snecial scWnlft attached to one of A little more than two oeuumem, aoovereierrea a term of four years.

mJ mmm. A AM to the appeal. The exnerience of the however, and it was found too much. formerly of ashingtonj nowlecS nring ia Australia. I According to, the Lisbon 2fewtf Go! feeCte Portugal nas2000 soldiers big army, little last half-dozen years has shown that ordinary general litigation in the state courts still continues at a low ebb.

while it has convinced the majority oi tne Dusmess world that a general bank abolished. 0 The second bankruptcy act had a briefer period of existence, although, in many respects, it was a much better one'than its predecessor. It was 5alled into existence, however, to meet 1 special condition of the times, and when it had served its purpose was dispensed with. The terrible financial the bankruptcy acts farmers, graziers, laborers," and other workmen, but the frisons continued to increase in popn-ousness and squalor The act of 1861, ijh addition to admitting non-tradersj to the benefit of the bankruptcy, also'contains a clause, the principle of which has been adopted in all subsequent legislation, both in England and in thiJ country. By it a majority in numbferof thecreditora.

representing threefourths in' value of the proven claims against the estate, rupt law is a necessity to a commercial country. Si. Louis Qlol-Dcmh craL The tax on the Union, lacifio in Rus--; seU county is sufficient tc pay all thai "i expenses of the county orone year. The earnings of the AtchisonTopeka and Santa Fe railroad for the year ending June SO, lSSl, amonttt to CapL McTaggert sends a Tcale of Montgomery county cotton to thct World's Fair, it being one of t'ha esht bales raised on as many acres, Cedarville Beviac: 1 Last week theva arrived from Iowa quite a large colony) of people, headed- by Mr. McCormic who was a here a lewdays last summer.

Sedan Times; John IL -Cook has received an appointment as "head farm Unbefitting Work for1 iTFomen. distress of 1837 and 1838, resulting Travelers in Europe frequently gee from a vicious fiscal system, had spread ruin throughout the country, and the women carrying heavy burdens or drawing great Toads upon the public wail of unfortunate debtors was heard everywhere. Massachusetts had, in 1838, adopted a bankruptcy law which i i highway. We are beginning to observe the same thing, occasionally, in America. Such sights are shocking to nas since Become tne mouei ior na were empowered to bind all the creditors and compel acceptance of a composition in discharge of tthe debts without the cessio bonorum.

Tho act under which this was however, was firawn so loosely and left so many openings for fraud that it became speedily obnoxious to the se- the American sense of fitness. tional legislation, but as the states, While women, under stress of pover under the constitutional inhibition, ty, must work for their livelihood, and while all honor should be given to er," ana oraerea to report i xuit. Berthold, Dakota, which is the agency for one of the Sioux reservations- can not enforce any act tnat impairs the obligation of contracts, that law those who cheerfully and bravely ac- abnormal conditions and bend could give no relief as to debts already incurred. Its effect could only be cept Twenty-one incurable Insaio per A Telegraphic dispatch was latdyj ht from Kansas City to Scotland and: kn answer returned in forty minutes. Sitting Bull has been photograph, ed in forty different styles.

Lie goes back on his front name in about half of them by standing. Ten thousand deer arc shot annually, in the Scotch most of which' are; given to the croftors and poor people of the Highland glens. TnE czar of Russia is said to be' ferowing quite gray, and to bear on his face the wrinkles of premature old agej Induced by worry and anxiety. i Asbestos cloth 13 now used in Eu rope for fire proof theatrical sceneryJ It costs three times more than lined and six times more than cotton. A writer in aTreach-medical jour-tial proposes that cities bo supplied with fresh country air.

A large field in the country is to be surrounded! with a high wall and planted with baV feamic trees to absorb the dust, and the air from the field is to be conveyed through pipes to every city house. their backs to the wheel, society should I sons were brought to Topeka on ues verest cnucism, ana in xoos it was amended, the powers of the dissenting minority of the creditors being considerably extended. This, also, proved unsatisfactory, and in the following prospective. In the meantime the cry save them from that kind of employ- day from Osawatomie and given q-tar-ment which compels them to assume, I ters in the newlv completed bnildbJg, of distress continued growing in in tensity, and, in December, 1841, con year a completely new system was de in public view the character of beasts gress passed a general bankruptcy act, of burden, lhe spectacle that is tolerated among the European peasantry ought not to be suffered in this coun which, for the hrst time, confeired on debtee, as well as the creditor, the vised and put into operation. Uliicial assignee were abolished, and in their place were substituted trushees, chosen from among the creditors, on whon devolved the duty of both collecting right to apply to tho courts for relief.

for that class of patients at tho Topckv Asylum. i Wellington Press? The brother F. P. Jones, the man who was recently lynched in this city, has filed a claim with the city clerk for $25,000 tromi the city in the way of damages sustained by said lynching. Mankato llcview The new and ele-r gant pulpit made for the Presbyterian The eagerness with which its aid was sought may be judged from the fact The Three American Periods.

Tho origin of the word bankrupt is somewhat doubtful, though some philologists have sought to establish it in a custom of the traders of Venice, when that city was in her palmy days. It is said that those of them who belonged to the organized guild of merchants had each a seat or bench on the Rialto or whatever other public place served the purpose of an exchange, and that when one failed to meet his obligations he was expelled, and the bench bancus)t seated on which he had been accustomed to transact his business, was broken (ruplus) in token of his disgrace. But, whatever the etymology of the word may be, the mention of Venice in this connection can not fail to call to mind the story that Shakspeare has made use of in the construction of one of his greatest works, and with it, the savage penalties that creditors were formerly permitted to inflict upon unfortunate debtors. "The Christian prayer, "Forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors" had a terrible significance at the period when it was first uttered, when the cruel provisions of the law of the twelve tables gave the miserable being who had failed to meet his promises to pay completely into the power of whomsoever suffered loss, to be enslaved, beaten, starved, put to the torture, or even, where the unfortunate, through age or disease, was incapable of profitable labor, to be 6lain, with any accompanying degree of atrocity that might suggest itself to a cruel imagination in an age of cru-elty. The earliest attempt to modify the severity of theso ancient laws, which in themselves were but the reflex of the customs of the then civilized world, appears to have been in the Julian code, under which the cessio bonorum, or surrender of the entire estate of the debtor for distribution among his creditors, being taken as a satisfaction of all claims, appears first to have been formally recognized.

But this legal recognition of the principle which lies at the root of all modern systems of bankruptcy, had but a very limited operation, so far as bringing about any serious amelioration of the condition of the unfortunate, and for more than 1,500 years the miserable men who traded themselves into insolvency, or in any otherwise became hopelessly indebted, had to endure torments, compared with which the severest punishment known, to modern criminal law are but exhibitions of heavenly mercy. In discussing the subject of bankruptcy Blackstone says a bankrupt was defined under the old law as "a try. The fact that the women who are thus abused make no complaint has nothing to do with the proprieties of the matter. In the streets of the large cities one does not have to wander far before coming upon a woman and distributing the assets, subject, if the creditors desired, to a committee that in Massachusetts alone, during the less than fourteen months that the law was in force, no less than 3,250 bankruptcy petitions were filed. This scavenger toiling ui der a sack of re of inspectors, also chosen by them from among their number.

Under the old law a crying evil had" been the ease with which dishonest debtors could avoid their obligations ty means act still maintained the ancient dis fuse, or a woman gleaner of coals and tmction oetween traders ana non- traders and what have since been sticks bending under the weight ot picked-up fuel. In the country dis known as bread-and-butter bankrupt of marriage settlements, and it had becomer a common thing jfotr such, when on the eve of marriage, to run up extravagant bills for iurniture, jewels, dress, and even general mer cies were stm unknown. I he punitive idea, except in cases of absolute tricts now and then, as the train-passenger is whirled past farms and gardens, he catches a glimpse of' a woman fraud, was, in this act, conspicuous by its absence. The United States had holding a plow or wielding a hoe. The man who contemplates these spec church has been put in its place, ana the old one has been presented to Jim' Lano Post.

A. by the clkircb, and is greatly appreciated. A company has been organized tar build a fleet of flat boats to float flour, down the Arkansas river to southern A successful trial trip has been made, and parties have gone east to contract for the boats. The Marion Record of last week contained a cut of the fine stone bridge just completed across the stream call i the Luta, at Marion Center. Tho! bridge is 105 feet long, SO feet broad and has two arches.

Its cost was preceaea oy more than a quarter of a century in refusing to TnE Cheyenne Indians would rathe feat dog than venison. A few weeks tago, Iron Shirt, a chief of the Chey-enncs, managed to steal a Gordon setter which belonged to some English tourists, and at once killed and ate it, although there was plenty of other meat at his hand. chandise, and then, by mea ns of antenuptial settlements (it wa3 more diifi-cult but not impossible to make postnuptial settlements stick) simply defy their creditors to collect their bills.1 To meet this evil the act of 1869 ren tacles without regret is out of place among true Ameiicans. His nature must be essentially brutal selfishness rules in his heart and his mind is dis treat misiortune as a crime. It con tained stringent provisions aga: fraudulent or unjust preferences to creditors or others; the title of the as posed to the oppression of the weak.

Such men have congenial existence only where tyrants flourish and where dered all such settlements absolutely null as against trustees in bankruptcy signee to all parts of his bankrupt's estate and the validity of deeds made they may become willing instruments by him were again made positive and of subject-grinding despots. indisputable, and there was a special lhe day ot the knight-errant who within two years from their date, and null also in ten vears unless the debtor can snow affirmatively that at the time of making the settlement he was completely solvent. Another material clause commanding that wherever found his keenest inspiration in the the administration of cs Mr. Moody has started on a tour, during which he will hold Christian conventions of three days each in Milwaukee, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Cincinnati and Richmond.

Ho does not now expect to hold any extended ser vices in Chicago this winter. His health is now particularly good. defense of his lady-love has passed, but there is a present demand for that provision of this act is that no debtor tates must be closed within two years from the date ef the assignment. One very merciful provision was that where the cessio bonorum had been made can obtain a aischarge whose estate higher chivalry which preserves wo 500. Burlington The gambling mania has apparently struck Burling- ton with full force.

Chuck-luck is played on the open streets, and nearly) every other curtained or blinded window on the business thoroughfares screens a keno, faro, or poker game. Independence Tribune: Jesse Matthews and Mrs. Wyatt Millikin, ot Harrisonville, both old people, and confirmed invalids, have returned completely and in good faith the bankrupt was entitled to his discharge in ninety days unless a majority in num does not pay a 50 per cent dividend, the debtor having three years in which to supply the nieanss if the estate itself should fall short. By the debtors' act of the same year that under which imprisonment for debt was abolished bankruptcy proceed- man from the necessity for that work which the Indian warrior assigns to his patient, enduring, slave-like squaw. The point is sometimes made against those who are seeking to place the ballot in the hands of women, that on accepting such a favor they must neces-sairly consent, at least by implication, to carry muskets in times of war.

It is ber ot Jus creditors, representing three- fourthfs in value of the claims against the estate, should dissent in writing at were further altered bv taking mgs the time of the hearing of the applica I A London policeman arrested some lad3 the other day for stone-throwing and other disorderly acts. Among those arrested were a few whom the judge declared to be "young gentlemen," and the over zealous policeman was sharply reprimanded for arresting thorn. Ho was told that ho ought to arrest only common boys. trader who secretes himself and does In case of a second bankruptcy from the bankruptcy court albcriminal jurisdiction, fraudulent debtors being turned over to the tender mercies of the general law. certain other acts tending to defraud his creditors." In the preamble to the the discharge could not be obtained unless the estate paid 75 cents on the do'dar, exclusive of all costs and ex from Ottawa.

They have been to a faith healer, and came back enthusiastic and feeling as young and happy as 20 years ago. Augusta Gazette: Owners of buildings, where it is proved liquor has1 been sold, according to a late decision of the supreme court, aro responsible, under certain conditions, for fines and costs. It creates some uneasiness in certain localities, and will be product peases. The act was repealed early first bankruptcy act passed in England in 1542 Henry of much-married memory, the same principle is expressed, probably furnishing the foundation for the remark of the great in the rush of debtors to the an abominable proposition.shameful to those who suggest- it. The question of woman's suffrage" must be decided upon a broader tand better principle than that.

The very fact that such a suggestion is made gives occasion for the admonition that society take care lest it sihall penmit the working-women to be ra ted according to muscular capability. We don't want to see women digging, carrying mortar, throwing sledges, pushing wheelbarrows, lifting courts having no little effect in ere ating a revulsion of feeling which ren dered it exceedingly unpopular. The commentator. This preamble shows that the act in que stion, while it pro third act, or rather the third system of ive of good results. Stockton Record: A horse-whipping occurred on one of the back streets bankruptcy, commenced in 1867, the first act under the S3rstem having gone vided some remedial measures in the way of distributing whatever of the bankrupt's estate could be laid hold I A number of well-known gentlemen of Cleveland, Ohio, are about to start a colony in Mexico.

They will inspect the Mexican exhibits at the New Orleans exposition, after which they will select a suitable spot in which to settle. They, will purchase government lands, and will at first go into the culture of tobacco, and afterward see what they can do with coffee. imo euecc on oviarcn oi tnat year. bales, anvd similar work. Great prog- Thursday morning, which occasioned of, was more especially intended to de lhis, together with all its amend In substance the English bankruptcy law remains now as above outlined, the most important addition being that which provides that a majority Sn number, representing three-fourthsrin value of the creditors, may take cha rge of an insolvent's estate and Hquic'fate it for the benefit of all, without public proceedings in bankruptcy and this system, which also includes the right of composition, has grown into great favor with both debtors and creditors.

It is convenient, inexpensive. and yields speedy results for the, latterr, while the debtor is not subjected to the humiliation of an exposure of hus affairs before the eyes of the world. The course of bankruptcy legislation in the United States has chiefly been remarkable for the meager ness ress has heen made in opening ave ter the fraudulently inclined by terror ments, was repeaica in liws, the re np.al t.alcinor piVprt. AiktiisI-. 31.

Tir of Dunishnnent. The preamble states amendments nearly a2 going to com that it had become the custom among nues for thei employment of women, but let noft the time come when the sight of a wnan working for bread shall become so common that society will neglect to distinguish between that "which Ahe should do and that paratively minor details which had certain sorts of people to buv goods on credit, "not minding to pay for them," been found in the practical working of and then either to flee the country or tne law to present leatures oi mcon remain within their houses and defy gruity, inadequacy or wrong were five from which st should be saved. We their creditors. It is here worthy of in number, dated respectively June 30, quite a sensation, oeverai scnooi Doys were implicated in the affair, through writing somewhat too amorous letters' to the girls. Letter writing will henceforth be one of the lost arts in the Stockton school.

Glasco Sun: Corn is so cheap this year that.the farmers are compelled to haul immense loads to market in order to get money enough to show for the day's work. Robert Pitcher brought in a load of seventy-thrco bushels shelled corn one day last week. It makes a good showing for Kansas roads and horseflesh. Emporia Republican: The stockmen must not grow usedito seeing women note that this was the first time that 1870; July 14, 1870; June 8, 1872; toiling the We must not the axsio bonorum principle was recog Tune 22, 1874; and July 26, 1876. The grow used to them struggling of its records in comparison with those provisions of this act, with its amend nized in English law, And that, at the VTiie southern people aro expecting great things from Mason's invention for picking cotton, now approaching completion.

The Mobile Register calls it tho greatest and most useful invention of the nineteenth century. It is designed to be a substitute for the human fingers in picking the lint from the open bolls without damage to the stalk of tho plant, its leaves, blooms, or minature bolls. It seems to do this of any other commercial counlrv. ments. are too recent in mihlifl memnrv same time, there was enacted a legal rrl i I 1 rrt distinction between a trader and an to require any detailed review.

The act under heavy loaas. vc must not grow used to the men who allow their mothers, wives and daughters to do such work as Natuuo never intended. Such employment is a retrogression to ordinary debtor, a distinction which was maintained in every suDsequent xiiere nave oeen omy tnree Drier periods in our history wrhen general bankruptcy laws have been in tist-ence the first from 1800 to 1803,. the second from 1841 to 1843, and the third from 1867 to 1878. Under our consti- bnnkruntev.act UP to 1861.

A similar was, in its main features, based on the Massachusetts law of 1838 referred to. It provided for voluntary as well as compulsory bankruptcy; for the discharge of the bankrupt within a the savage state. distinction was recognized in me uni It might be askrni what is the differ ted States in the first and short-lived work with an almost human intelli ence between the dot oi a woman who tution congress has alone the power-to reasonable period after the bona-fide deal with bankruptcy in its Drond surrender of his estate: for the vnliditv gence. scrubs a floor andj that of another who carries a pack thrpugh the streets as a are making great preparations fot their banquet on January 1. Everything indicates that the occasion will be one of the grandest that ever engaged the attention of our citizens.

The enthusiasm is increasing and the committees are laboriously at work. Nothing is being left undone that can be done to have it "done up brown." Emporia Republican: The starting of a woolen mill at Eldorado, with a common laborer. An immense difference to the womfvn'spersonality and sense, and while various of the states, of assignee's titles; for the annulment notably Massachusetts in 1838, have of fraudulent preferences, and for as- rem time to time adopted bankruptcy signments made within certain periods lawvs, they are limited, necessarily; in antecedent to bankruptcy; contained in moral effect. TJpon these nice dis tinctions the tone of society depends. thair application, to the citizens of the There is a wonderful calf on exhibition in Tacoma, W.

T. It is of a dark brown color, with eight legs, Itwo tails, two heads, four eye3 and four ears. The body is all la one. iThe heads stand throat to throat and are entirely separate to the shoulders. We paust not beonme so utterly practical that we mare- disregard the senti- respective states, and whenever a national law has been in existence thev powers of settlement by composition, and, in short, most of the features which experience has shown to be necessary to any general scheme of bankruptcy.

The defects mostly com tripnt nf thvnofs altocftthfir. When th have become ipso facto suspended for chivalrin onalitv -is dullod. sooifitv capacity of 100,000 worth of blankets. the time being. drops back toward Dcf- flannels? yarns ana other woolen gooas where they merge" into one body, al plained of were the system of fees The bankruptcy act of 1S00, follow though the body takes the semblance erence towaard woman is one of the most conspicuous attributes of all English precedents up to that I which the assignees and registers were bankrupt acts.

The subsequent history of bankruptcy in England presents a confused mass of legislation down to 1825, when all tho multitudinous acts were suspended by the biMikruptcy consolidation act, in which was embodied all that the learning and wisdom of Sir Samuel Romillv covdd support. In this act the principle of the "composition contract," borrowed from the Scotch law, was for the ttime made an element of English com mercial jurisprudence. It is crious jhere to observe that up to that date entire object of English bankrupt Laws appears to have been the protection tof the interests of creditors, those of the honest but unfortnnate debtor evidently being considered if considered at all as hardly worthy of legal cave. But in the adoption of the composition clause an entire revolution took place in this respect, and the prudent and upright trader who, thenceforward. mg per annum, is an enterprise which many other counties as well as Butler, could well afford to undertake.

Tho woolen mill at Blue Rapids has for of being two animals, as it has two time, was exclusively designed for the popularly supposed to exact in liberal slices without regard to the interests of the natural gentleman. And when i)acks and no breast. The legs and tails are separate and well formed for creditors. The truth as to this matter is that the schedule of fees allowed a man can rega.ru with lnomerence or satisfaction a woman drawing a wagon upon which her husband reclines, cr a monstrosity under the law was so complete and ex i i i act, that under proper and energetic nitcnea witn a cuonitey to a cart, as is so- often seen among the European ld broken-down gambler of Paris protection of the creditor and largely for the punishment of the insolvent debtor. Proceedings could only bo instituted by creditors, the idea of the debtor voluntraily seeking the protection of the court not having, apparently, been at all entertained by originators of the law.

The only sound feature of tho law which has "been reproduced in subsequent acts supervision of the courts, wh6se offi peasantry, or doing any manner of nav be VPeQ daily promenading in the years held the lead for its hiankets in mountain trade, and mountain men know what blankets are. It is a good sign to see Kansas capital rvinco even sporadic symptoms of going into man ufacturing. Atchison Champion: The Atchison and Santa Fe company with its weir known enterprise aud liberality, has established fifteen reading rooms for cers the registers and assignees were, work like this, that man has become, a any illegal exaction would have been impossible. That such did take place vicious cheat in American society. That such spectacles are compara in certain aistncts, however, is unde niable, and cases became known and Shabbiest aJrc a magnificent White camelia his button-hole.

Some years ago he wC? a reat deal of money, and determined to make sure that ho should always be supplied with iiis favorite flower. He thertore Paid a large sum in cash to his florist who was the provision which passed an indisputable title to the estate of the were made the subject of judicial in tively rare in this country, as yet, is an agreeable reflection, but they are not so rare that a protest is uncalled for. If the women who thus work are of foreign birth, and take such -employment as a matter of course, society bankrupt, whether real or personal, quirynotably one in Chicago where should be driven by unforeseen calamity into bankruptcy, became, theoretically at least, as much an object of solicitude as the whole mass of his it was made to appear that register's the assignee. This feature was the subject of much comment and unstint- I fee bills yielded from $70,000 to creditors. It is true that pnor to this agreed to supply him with a white ed commenaation by writers I a year, while they had to be passed owes it not the less to them than to timt? bankrupts conld ana aid occasionally obtain a legal discharge from itself to show them better ways oi earning a living.

Q. C. Matthews, in as benia the means-of shortening liti- upon by a aistnct judge with a salary gation and rendering the final dispo- of only 3,500. These scandals, com-sition of the estate much more speedy bined with the disgust that had been their liabilities and consequent leave The Current. camelia every day for tho rest of his life.

And now the decayed old sport strut up and down the boulevards With a wortn more than the coa.t which it adorns. engendered by.the facility which dis- to begin the world anew with a clean shectT But such events were rather its employes at different division points on its line of railroad. These rooms are to be well heated, comfortably furnished, and applied with tho best literature of the day. At Topeka the citizens have been requested to contribute books. We hope they will cheerfully respond to this call, thereby showing their appreciation of all that this great corporation has done for their city.

It is a well known fact that to this company, more than to any other factor, is due the prosperity of Topeka. Winfield Telegram: Shortly after the lynching of John Wallen, the Bello Plaine marshal, who in a drunken fit murdered a peaceable citizen, a Kansas City wholesale liquor firm received the nonesi aeotors, oy attorney, of course, had acquired in slipping through the Persian Relics. Persia has been a great field fox the incidents than one of te objects or inviting meshes of the law, led to a tho law. moreover, ttio iegu macnin- years in which tne ransackers aitei strong revnlson of popular feelinsr. "When Mr.

George C. Miln, the actor. bric-a-brac nav pursued tneir com ery was so cumbersome and i Iknf Mnr email and the acts, prior to the repeal, were mercial and artistic explorations. Bui meir numuer was uu regaraea witn tne utmost disfavor. In the vast majority of cases the un playing Hamlet in Red Gulch, Arizona, an odd incident took place, according to a local paper.

A dog fight began, and the combative canines fortunate against whom a docket was 1 his popular sentiment would probably have led only to further amend once stricken languished away a hope- the antique oddities of that strange country have become nearly exhaust ed, and unless modern artisans shall be able to reproduce the much prised articles which her ancient craftsmen ments had it not been for another po- less existence in the creaiuess ana im potent insolvency, if, indeed, he was and certavn. Adjudication under this law was made upon the application of a creditor tr creditors to certain specified $10,000 being the minimum for a single creditor, and the district court appointed a commission of three or more persons who became rhereby empowered to act with authority that extenc ed to the imprisonment of the bankrupt, almost at their discretion. This power also extended in some cases to the wife of the bankrupt, who could be sent to jail for a refusal to testify as to her knowledge of the business affairs of hex husband. Another point in which this act followed English precedent was in confining its operation exclusively to traders. The assignees were appointed by.the commissioners, and it appears that the latter, except in special cases, became entirely substituted for Lit lauwf me snspmg oi events.

The years of distress which followed jumped on the stage just as Hamlet was soliliquizing on suicide. "One of so skilllully wrought, the European the panic of 1873 had, bv 1877-78, had fortunate enougn escape xixo-long misery of a debtors' prison. ITnder the act of 1831, Loid Broug- them," says The Chronicle, "fastened dealers in such merchandise must fain be content with the fine carpets such a prejudicial effect on all classes bis tetth in Mr. Man's leg, causing a Tiam's, the system of c2icial assignees of business that litigation had failed off materially, and the vast majority ghastly wound from which the sawdust poured upon the stage. It was a was created.

These ouicer oi tne pnnrt simolv performed the work of lawyers were unaoie to make a liv following card from their collection agents at Belle Plaine: "Your veryi respectable customer of this city, John Wallen, owing-to an unforeseen accident, will not be able to meet his account when due. He got your 'bitters, and got himself and several others; happy, and next morning he was found by the peaceful citizens of the town hanging to an awning frame. He killed his man and pulled bemp tho. same night." ing, or iuoro man a very scantv one. painful sight to see Mr.

Miln shrinking from his wonted plumpness to a As bankruptcy practice has a tenden and embroyderies. However, among the curious objects of art which the Shah's kingdom has given to the outside world as a last expiring effort, are some interesting bowls, of fashion almost unknown to collectors, and alsc some examples of the very characteristic Persian method of combining men-tal work with pottery. New York Corn-mercial Advertiser, cy always and in all countries, owing distribution, the collecting of the assets devolving on an assignee, ono of the creditors usually chosen by the whole body of the creditors. In 1S49 4 omonilmonto Vinrl rmwn KO ntTnier- decided lankness. Tho sawdust waa to the very nature of the trusts and responsibilities connected with it.

to collected and found to fill a bushel basket." become centered in afew hands, those the court, exercising their almost arbi mt I nun in I 111 pus that a new consolidation act was Massed, and another drain in 1801. It trary functions with little-reference-tq 1 cjgyontside, eoto.