Herald of Freedom from Lawrence, Kansas • 1

---BBWBaaBaaBBseassaesaai .11 US' HERALD OF FREEDOM. Dollars Per Annum In Advance. A Family Newspaper Independent on III Subject 1 TRUTH CRUSHED TO EARTH SHALL RISE AGAIN." BY G. W. BROWN CO.

NUMBER 5-VOLUME 5. LAWRENCE, KANSAS, AUGUST 20, 1859. of Was Pststt. Death of Horace Mann. Thev must be few in Massachusetts who will not be saddened by the telegraphic announcement in another column that Horace Mann died at Yellow Springs, Ohio, on Tuesday afternoon.

Though his A ha pur oa Evergreen. Summer FUnoag. Dr. J. A.

Kennicott, known to all horticultural readers as tbe "Old Doctor," furnishee the Prairie Farmer with the following chapter on evergreens, 3 Our people of the prairies are beginning to show their good taste, by planting evergreen trees, and their good sense by selecting living specimens from the nursery, instead of dead ones on the street or from pedlar's wagons. Of tbe former. health bad not been good for many years. owing to over-exertion in his public labors during his residence here, yet we were not aware of any special attack of sickness which would endanger his life a life of nearly all grow right along, when small, so much general usefulness and, seemingly to mortal eyes, well nigh indispensable to and when well dug and properly handled the important institution to which he has various denominations, and 12000 honorary members, who make no claim on its funds. The truth is, that in England Odd Fellowship has not only attracted the attention of the benevolent, but of the mere political economist.

It is doing work for them which all the laws on the statute-book had failed to perform correcting evils that were only aggravated by legislation making labor provide in the honr of sunshine for the storm providing for the poor a bank on which they could draw in the hour of sickness and adversity preserving the business man and the laborer from those miseries incident to the fluctuations of business. It places man in a position where it is for his interest to be virtuous. In England the purely benevolent objects of the institution are so well understood that even fanaticism cannot create a bugbear out of its secrets and in the same districts where members of Trades-Unions have been sentenced to transportation for life, in a country where Orange Lodges have been suppressed by law, and where the ancient and honorable fraternity of Free Masons has been regarded pioneer Lodge upon the Pacific coast. Otber Lodges soon sprung up, and in less than four years Lodges were established in many of the principal places on this side of the mountains. In those early lays of the existence of our State, Old-Fellowship was working, and with liberality almost prodigal was distributing its charities upon the right hand and upon the left, healing the sick, burying the dead, and finding employment for the destitute; and, for the first three years, so great was tbe call upon the Lodges for relief that the ordinary funds, though large, were exhausted, and constant calls were made upon the pockets of the members by collections and subscriptions, all of which were promptly responded to; and we have yet to learn of the first instance in which the deserving brother was sent empty away.

Tbe expenses of meeting were also so great that we wonder bow the early Lodges stood the heavy pressure upon their finances. We know of instances where a sum as high as $200 was paid for a room to meet iu for a single night. Now we have between eighty and ninety Lodges, with a membership of Tbe Order of Odd Fellows continued a a convivial and beneficial society for mam years. In 1803 the various Lodges ir Liverpool and London were united, with the addition of a common system of work, under the style of the Union Order Odd Fellows but they continued as as semblages at the tavern for mirth and har mony, and were looked upon by good men as immoral in their tendencies, and by the Government they were regarded with suspicion. Notwithstanding the bad character which the institution then had throughout England, it continued to in create in numbers.

In the year 1809 a brother by the name of Button, from the city of London, removed to Manchester, and, by the assistance of a few others, established a. Lodge in that city, which tbey called Victory and, although the Order now increased rapidiy.it did not get much credit for its intelligence or its sobriety but among the vast number of its initiates were many men of exalted character and great intellectual attainments. Tbey believed, however, that in view of the great numbers belonging to it, the curiosity which it excited, its odd name, its unity of purpose, that if it was remodeled, it at his death the family receive a stipulated sum. There is, also, a difference in the mode of acquiring funds. Thee, each brother paid a sixpense, or other small sum, every time hs eutered the Lodge; and the formidable wooden broad ax which we even now see about many Lodge rooms, was used as a sort of contribution box to collect these moneys; for all, in those days, whether they belonged to the Lodge or were visitors, contributed theif mite to tbe treasury; and when the wants of a distressed brother were more than the Lodge could well afford, word was sent to the other Lodges in the neighborhood; and it was not unusual for Lodges in a body to visit the Lodge calling for rolief each member making his contribution; and, gome times, hundreds would go purposely to give their mite to the treasury, and continue to go till the exhausted funds were replenished.

Another system prevailed, which has become obsolete. A brother was entitled to vote in every Lodge he might visit, the evenmg's refreshment being at the expense of the successful candidate. The Lodges were always full in those days on election nights. However We may look- lately given all his energies. TisGold! 'TiaGold! BY JAMES I KOCHE.

What is it worldling bow before-. And thieves and murderers adnre. Corrupt damns the old TiaGold! TisGold! 'Tin not for me I uv heart detest Iu haughty rule, its proud behests; It turns the warmest natures cold. Corrupting gold, corrupting sold What isitdwmsto live nnd die I 'ablest, thaWrt It could not bay BstrMi tbe honest, tries the bold TisGold! TisGold! What is it seta one friend, one brother. In deadly strife nsainst another The kind, wara heart turns selfish, cold? Til Gold! TisGold I What is it that doth Earth snbduo.

And tklntr 10 conquer Heaven, too? That doth o'er all dominion hold? TiaGtrld'. 'lis Gold! Whet it tempts the unguarded anal rroat and from its destined goal? Accursed thing! still be it told, is Gold 'Tit Gold Horace Mann was born at franklin, Norfolk county, in this State, in May, 1796 and was, therefore, at the time of his death, in the 64th year of his age. His father died early, leaving but little to his family besides a worthy example. But this was enough for a mind so keen aud indomitable as that of Horace. Slender advantages were around him even the district school was but tbe germ of Every cadet's room is subject to inspection every five minutes.

It must never be left without everything being put rights" table set back, books in their proper places on it, wash bowl wrong side up, A cadet was reported, net long since, "for not having his wash-bowl wrong aide up," and for having "water standing in it." This was for two marks. All are allowed to make an excuse before the mark is set against them, and he asked to be excused for the "water standing in it," as he was marked for its not being up side down; had it been, the water would not have been in it. In one of the recitation rooms of the Academic hall is a plan of the fortifications surrouodiog a besieged city. It ia about ten feet square, aud hi a beautiful piece of workmanship. It is constructed of the materials which are used, such as twigs, brick, stone, and earth, and was made in France.

In the distance stands the city, the houses with their roofs and upper stories knocked off, presenting some such appearance as we might expect to find on entering Sevastopol after Its bombardment, on a small scale, the buildings being about five inches high. On the parapets which surround tbe city could be seen portions of it knocked away, and disabled guns which would probably weigh a qnarter of ounce each, lyintr In scattered ruins. Tht fortifications which the besiegers had L-iectsd were also considerably injured, and the whole was a perfect representation of the best manner in which to erect fortifications for defense and attack. It originally had on it all the soldiers manning the miniature "siege guns," standing guard, cooking their meals, Are, but the visitors commenced capturing those nearest the front and placing them in their liookets, until the besieged (which they could nut reach) so far outnumbered the besiegers, that it was not a good example of a soldier's courage, and they were all removed. In the Museum is a case filled with targets, which prove the superiority of the what At labors have now made it for our children but he laid hold of every op- portunity within his reach with all his nearly five thousand, and every depart do well enough when quite large while, on the contrary, even if afire, tho large specimens hawked about are often lean and naked, and seldom give much satisfaction without more skillful treatment, for several years, than such trees are apt to receive at the hands of any but well-informed amateurs or professional nurserymen.

I nave occasionally seen remarkably fine specimens of our white pine, ol large size, that had been taken directly from open woods' borders but, as a rule, small trees only should be sought, in their native habitat And then, it must be confessed that some foreign species are superior to similar natives, for prairie plantations. Of these, the Norway spruce and Austrian pine, for all soils, and the Scotch pine for all but the most sandy, may be set down as cheap, perfectly hardy unaltered by the severest weather of good and improving form, and well calculated to give abundant and ever in creasing satisfaction. Of our natives, the Hemlock when perfect in form and feathering is pre-eminently beautiful, and the most graceful of evergreens. There is no hardy species to compare with it. Even as far south as Washington, where the Deodar barely survives, I saw large Hemlocks, in the Smithsonian grounds, that had not suffered a tenth ment of tbe Order is in a most flourishing state.

jovial character changed, it might be productive of much good, and would then commend itself to all good citizens. But this was a work of no ordinary character might, exhausting me instruction oo-tainable at home, he determined to go to college, although the way was in inverse proportion to the clearness of the will. But by the aid of an itinerant schoolmaster he was soon fitted for the Sophomore In briefly tracing O.ld-Fellowship from its early history to the present time, it Historical Sketch of Odd Fellowship. Ertrnrt from cm Address delivered at Oro-ilh. Apr.

'Mth, 1859, by P. O. will be observed that one of its leading class in Brown University, which he entered in his twentieth year. His college characteristics is that it is progressive in its nature. Fifty years ago, in some respects, it was little better than a Baccha life manifested the same qualities wbtch afterwards became known and read of all nalian society, meeting, as 1 have said before, for mirth and harmony; this very men.

with suspicion, the very legislators of the land have been found encouraging the formation of Odd Fellows' Lodges as the best remedy for its worst social evils, and ministers of religion by thousands advocating them as useful auxiliaries in the cause of true religion for Such is its tendency wberever it has been established for any length of time. Let us now turn from the old world to the new to onr own country, where the institution of Odd Fellowship has also a hold upon the affections of a large portion of the people, and where it is becoming better and better understood in its progressive character. Early in the beginning of the present century the Old, or Union Order of Id Fellows was formed in the cities of New York and Baltimore. The first of these, of which I have any very definite account, was Shakspeare Lodge, organized in New York in 1806. It was organized in the old Shakspeare After graduating in 1819, he devoted objectionable feature passed away, and the Order received new life and new energy.

himself to tbe study of law, hut was soou appointed tutor of Latin and Greek In the A step more, and the Order takes care npon these customs, they were at that time unobjectionable, and cemented tbe Lodges in a strong fraternal friendship. It is hardly necessary to say that it has been an imperative and positive law of the Order for many years that no refreshment of any kind, except pure cold water, can be allowed in any Lodge room. In the year 1842 our Order separated entirely from the Manchester Unity of England. The cause of the separation would take much time to explain, more than the limits of the hour assigned for these exercises would justify. Suffice it to say, that the separation has been beneficial to both countries, and each is supreme in its own territorial limits.

But the day is not far distant when a Grand Lodge, composed of all nations, will unite the tribes, tongues and kindreds of the earth into one family in Odd-Fellowship, acting and speaking its common language. Some steps toward this end have already been taken, and wu have no doubt that before many years shall have elapsed this great work will have been accomplished. college. His legal education was carried of and assists the widow of a departed on at Litchfield, and at Deduam. He established himself as a lawyer at brother; once more it moves, and it becomes part of the duty of every Lodge to educate the orphan.

I know that it is too Dedham. in 1826, and had soon an exten part as much from tbe extreme heat, at the Deodar bad from the frosts of winter; sive practice in the county of Norfolk. mnch tbe impression, even among ld Fellows, that ours "is a mero beneficial society, having for its single purpose the At this early period he interested himself and a burning sun seems to be the only in the cause of temperance and of public serious hindrance to the free introduction education, being theu one of the pioneers of this most desirable tree, in the prairie of these reforms. I region t.f Illinois. During the last month relief of its members in tbe struggles incident to human life." There could Tn 1R57 elected to the House of of June, it is true, the new growth on our tavern, 155 Fulton street, by five brothers hardly be a greater error than this; for it fans been well said bv the highest author Representatives of Massachusetts.

In 1834 Hemlocks was badly scorched by frost from England, and was continued for six to perform one that, in those days of general joviality, when the glass was a part of all social gatherings, it would take years to bring about. Old and time-hoc-ored landmarks were to be removed from among the ancient Usages of the Order. Betttr hours were to be kept the money was to be expended exclusively for charitable purposes fcr relieving the sick, caring for the widow, and burying the dead and the money-changers were to be driven from the temple of Odd Fellowship. In consequence of this state of things, two parties sprang upin the Lodge those that were for adhering to ancient usage on one side, and the reform or progress party on the otber. These differences, in 1812, ripened into open warfare.

The ancient-usage party being the stronger, the other seceded, assembled in grand convention, and, early in 1813, declared themselves wholly independent of the Union Order; and from this beginning originated the Independent Order which we have the honor of addressing on this occasion. Ultimately assuming its just position as a humane and benevolent institution, progressive in its character, so rapid was the increase of members that it soon outnumbered the Union Order, and it became necessary to adopt some uniform system of work. But no permanent form of work seems to have been adopted until January 21st, 1814, when a Grand Committee, as it was styled, assembled for the purpose of adopting a form of government for the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, or, as tbey expressed it, of constituting the Lodges into one vears, when it suspended operations. It he removed to Jioston mucnot niaiegai ana so were many ms tcaumg ouuuw, ity in Odd-Fellowship, that we seek to elevate and improve the character of man, practice followed him. That year he was and much tender side growth ol tne very elected to the Senate of Massachusetts, i hardy Norway spruce which never turns was re-organized in 1818, and continued till 1822, when it went out of existence.

S. a. farten Anciently the very name of our institution was a secret known only to the initiated now we publish books. Anciently the candidate before the smoking altar swore to keep the very existence of the society a secret now even the old and quaint titles of many of our officers are known to those who read the newspapers. Our tbstitution, from the very first, has been one of change, adapting itself, in many cases, to the times and the spirit ol the age in which It existed at one time concealing itself in the most secret recesses known to man again, by public displays, and with the sound of the trumpet, and by heralds at the four points of the compass, proclaiming to the world it onward and triumphant march.

To-day the most successful institution of the age; a hundred years ago little better than a bacchanalian feast. To-day the truest and most progressive society of the age two thousand years ago, outside of religious faith, the only institution that acknowledged the great principle of human brotherhood. To-day a confederation of more than three millions of our race, whose leading object is to elevate the character of man and endeavor to imbue him with a knowledge of his capability for good. An institution that has undergone so many changes as has Odd fellowship must be one whose history cannot fail to interest the searcher after truth and gladden the heart of the true Odd Fellow, who pocks light in his search after that higher and holier sentiment of the human heart, which acts a a cement to unite men as brethren of one common family. In an ancient ritual of oar Order, which one of the members from the county of a feather, from either heat or cold, after Mtnte rifle.

I saw one witn a "ouu eye" as large as a silver dollar and a ring around it about four inches in diameter. Inside the ring were ten bullet holes, the effect of ten successive shots at a distance of four hundred yards, six of which were in the bull's eye. To look at this would cause any but "an officer in theN. Y. S.

M. to hesitate to obey marching orders where he expected to find five hundred of these terrible weapons in the hands of the enemy, Suffolk. In 1837 he was chosen Presi-f the new wood gets a time matured. or dent of the Senate. His legislative career general planting.

I consider our white pine 1 believe the day is not far distant when we shall be able to say of Odd-Fellowship, in the language of the sacred poet, "See barbarous nations at thy gates attend. Walk in thy light and in thy temple bend; See the bright altars thronged with prostrate kings. While every land its joyous tribute brings." From the date we have last mentioned. (Pinus strobus) tho most available native to imbue bim with a proper conception of his capability for good. Tbe intellectual, as well as the outer man, should be cultivated.

Forty years' experience has demonstrated the beneficial influence of Odd-Fellowship upon our race. And to-day the welkin rings with paeans of joy from the Snowy hills of the Upper Canaias to the green everglades of sunny Florida, was highly honorable to himself, and permanently useful to the State. He advocated the abolition of imprisonment for debt; labored to ameliorate the penal law; assisted in the improvement of prison discipline; contributed much towards pro And if property cut back as the hemlock always must be the white pine will keep its base on tbe earth, and grow up a dense pyramid a little stiff and formal, it is true, hut only second to the hemlock in lightness and beauty and incomparably the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of Dew. has advanced with gigantic strides, until Some of our Connecticut brethren tell us that there was a Lodge in Hartford as early as 1798 and Boston, New York, Baltimore, and Charleston (South Carolina), all claim that Lodges were first formed in their respective cities and I have met brothers who have said that they were initiated in New York as early as 1802. A New York paper called the Columbian, published in New York in 1813, has the following notice Odd Fellows, you are requested to meet 1 at your Lodge-room on Tuesday night, the 21st without fail, at Past Noble Grand Moore's, at 7 o'clock precisely, for the election of officers.

Stranger Odd Fellows are invited to attend." We do not know even the name of this Lodge. curing the revision of the State Statutes; it has laid its foundations broad and deep and comes booming over land and water and bv his earnest efforts In behalf of the i preferable to that most fashionable of all to tbe cities of our own California coast in every State, District and Territory of a 1 a.1 natives, the Balsam Fir, which shows old tbe United States, tbe (Janadas, and the But, hark methinks I bear the distant age at twenty, and is a dingy, decaying Islands of the Pacific Ocean, and is still boom of cannon, or the faint notes of dis eye-sore at forty though like some other The chief facts to be accounted for are these 1. Dew (as distinguished from small rain or the moisture produced by visible fog) is never deposited except on a place colder than the air. 2. It ia never deposited in cloudy weather and so strict is iu connection with a clear aky, that its deposition is immediately suspended whenever any considerable cloud passes the zenith of the place of observation.

3. It is never copiously deposited progressing. At the late session of the Grand Lodge of the United States, thirty- tant loud huzzas of rejoicing, coming up to us from the cities of the p'ains below, tour states and lemtories were repre where our brethren are gathering, as insane, did more tnan almost any otner man in the establishment of the Hospital at Worcester. While President of the Senate, he contributed materially towards the founding of the Board of Education, of which, in order to insure its practical efficacy, he became the first Secretary. Giving up a lucrative practice, he was elected to this most laborious post in 1837, which he held tiimuv, under the jurisdiction ot a com sented.

It appeared by the returns that are gathered, to celebrate this glorious mon head. The result of their delibera there are 3,973 Lodges, andbl2 Encamp anniversary. Whether spiritual or real, tions was the formation of a District as but have no doubt that it was either of ments, containing nearly 200,000 mem we receive the greeting, and send it north fashionable Americans couiu name, en very lovely in its growing youth. And our red cedars Juniperus Virginiana i in the same category and a little too tender, far north, and too stiff, in outline, everywhere. "The American Spruces are neat and hardy pyramidal trees, of rather slew growth, however, to suit our American notions, and yet much preferable to the hers; that the receipts of the last year bad ward and onward, through the gorges of the bead of the Independent Order, which continues as such to this day.

James iu a place screened or sheltered from I remember to have seen many years ago. tbe mountains, to Nevada, Shasta, and been nearly that $800,000 bad been expended in relieving 23,000 of Christie was chosen Grand Master, and it it t.s said I he corner -stone of Odd Fel clear view of tne sky, even tne be of a very thin material, each as i i reka, where our brethren are also as its members in affliction; that $74,526 66 sembled to celebrate this glorious day. or mner suspended over it 4. It is had been expended in the single item of Let them pass it to our brothers of Oregon till 1849. In this office he won that just fame which will keep his memory bright so long as the cause of education shall be dear to Massachusetts.

At that time the very foundation of what now constitutes the varied and not sufficiently appreciated methods of our educational system, as burying the dead, besides a large amount was made his duty to vhit all the Lodges in the District. In May, 1814, this quasi Grand Lodge was composed of all the officers, and every Past Grand was made a Grand Master for six months so that every Lodge turned out a Grand Master once in three months. How so manv for the education of orphans. 1 he property and Washington, and let the winds waft it to the islands where our brothers are gathered under the shade of the cocoanut the Union or the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, this being about the time of the Formation of the Independent Order in England. We might trace the existence of many of these earlier Lodges in the United States but it is unnecessary for our purpose, and would require the examination of more documents than we can readily find in California.

But, unquestionably, the first Lodge formed in the United States, which had a continued existence, Was Washington Lodge, No. 1, at the City of Baltimore, in 1819. Thomas Wildey, by public notice, invited the belonging to the Order exceeds in value $40,000,000. In many of the cities and copiously deposited on all suca oouies as are good radiants and bad conductors of best, such as grass, paper, glass, wool Ac, but little or not at all on bad radiants, such as polished metals, which are also good conductors. And, lastly, it is never deposited if there be much wind.

All these circumstances, as Dr. Wells has as lit. wells nas tree, celebrating by appropriate ceremonies more rapid growing Balsams. "Closely cut back, while young, so as to secure density of foliage and proper form, the American Arbor Viue makes desirable tree but its proper place is in the belt, or continuous screen, where it can be essily kept in shape, within proper bounds. It is the cheapest of all ever large towns fine Halls have been erected; connected with the Board, were to be laid.

Normal schools were to be founded; improved school-houses were to be built; teachers' conventions were to be held; to these are added, in some instances, libraries; and every thing in and about Odd-Fellowship denotes life, activity, and progress. the Fortieth Anniversary of our beloved Order. To-day we do more than celebrate this glorious Anniversary of American Odd -Fellowship; we assemble around our altars and consecrate the 26th of April in all coming time, and for all future gene Grand Masters could officiate in so short a time we are not told but ia October of the same year we find mention of the Grand Lodge for the first time. At this session nearly all the Lodges in England shown, point to the greens, though it does not retain its color lectures to be delivered; reports to be pre escape of heat from by radiation oat into oc cetder ragtons Towshtp was laid by our forefather Adam." Not claiming, however, a coeval existence with man for our institution, we do claim that it) long as the great principle of human brotherhood has operated on the hearts and lives of men, so long have some of the principles of Odd Fellowship been practiced in the World. The great secret principle of mutual relief has in all ages attracted the attention of the benevolent and humane.

How beautifully is this illustrated in the teachings of Holy Writ how brightly illuminated in the story of the love of Jonathan and David, the foundation of one of our beautiful degrees. Bt, while not claiming any great autiquity for the Order under its present form of government, we find many of our brethren tracing it to Rome in the days of the Caesars, and claiming that two Greek words that signify "friends traveling together" are the iden tbe bodies exposed pared and published. Mr. Mann's twelve in winter, like the more expensive foreign volumes of Common School Reports show sort, known as Siberian Arbor Vitsv. snace.

or into the upper i ippsx In an address upon the subject of Odd-, Fellowship.it will be expected that some co-operation of all Odd Fellows who might be in the city, to aid him in form tbe air. faster than it can be i hour faithfully this work was done. But! "But I believe summer planting was to the three Normal schools of tbe State, the form a pan of this chapter. Theory and new school houses all over the Common- occasional practice have long been ad by counter-radiation or by conduction from contact with the warm air or with solid substances wind acting In this respect with great efficacy, by continually renewiug the air in contact. Hoar frost thing should be said of the introduction of the Order in our own golden State.

An old file of the California Star, published in San Francisco in 1847, and which may be found in tbe Odd Fellows' Library of that city, contains the following rations, as a day ever to be remembered and celebrated but without intemperance or excess by every Odd Fellow the world over. To-day we add another holiday to the Calendar of the Saints another Fourth of July, to be ever remembered by all who have embraced our glorious principles. This is well. All the other duced iu favor of removing evergreens in wealth, the district school libraries, the imnroved character of the schools, of the 1 summer but without making the prac- ing a Lodge. call was responded to, and on the 26th day of April, 1819, torty years ago to-day), this nucleus of Odd Fellowship came into being and its father and founder, Thomas Wildey, still lives, in a green and hardy old age, to see his children counted by hundreds of thousands, and scattered all over this vast Western World.

No merely mortal man of the present age has lived to see so great books, the teachers, and the scholars, all tice anything like so general, ss, perbsps. fi I i i i i were represented; a uniform system of secret work was established a general constitution was adopted and the Order received an impetus which has kept it progressing till this hour. In 1825 there were bat three degrees in the Order the First, the color of which is white the Second, the color of which, in the old books, is described to be sky-blue but this year the Patriarchal Degree was added, the color of which was gold and in this year took place the union of all the Orders of Odd Fellows in it ahould be and, iu truth, I never tried TLTIT show with what fidelity and what wisdom T. a a Noticr. The friends of the 0.

of accreting in erystaiize he lsbored. it till last August, wnen raxing so. vantage Owing to the inadequacy of the funds of a rainy day, when hay-making was annrdied bv the State, he sold his own t4pended. we set all hands at work dig- O. F.

are respectfully invited to attend a prdia Britaimim. tical words Odd Fellows, or rather Ode working days of the live long year we devote our time to labor) and to performing many of the serious duties required by the laws of Odd-Fellowship. us, then, one day in the three hundred and i i a i.l fellows and I do confess that in Greek Te fanner. library to help DUild a formal scnooi ginj aca resenmguu)iiigo owwu which outlsy coming, some yearn after, to pines and Norway spruces none of A correspondent of the Rural they do look somewhat odd but it is contended that this was an organization the knowledge of the Legislature, results of his own labors. As long as the world recognizes the great principles of Friendship, Love and Truth, so long will the name of Thomas Wildey be numbered with the great benefactors of his race.

sixty-five, with our wives and children Press says, that about the first of England, under the Manchester Unity as their head, and this act was solemnly au justly repaid. At his own expense, in meeting of the Ordet on Tuesday evening next, at the Portsmouth House. (Signed) MANY ODD FELLOWS. San Francisco, December 4, 1847. Upon diligent inquiry, we find that there was then a regular working Lodge in San Francisco, with the books and regalia of a lodge; but it was a self-instituted body, without a charter.

Dr. E. P. aye! and our consins; too devote to joy last, Wo, Norton, an intelligent, of Odd Fellows in the Roman army for the purpose of mutual relief in the hour thenticated by an interchange of eigna 1844, be visited burope to examine tne schools there; and the results of his re ous and social gatherings, in remembrance of our Order; and while gathered in the tng farmer boy, near Tamaroa, the quails (commonly celled "pa of distress and adversity. wnicn lauea ana aiiuia writing an nave made a better season's growth than I ever saw, the first year, on trees of the same aize, transplanted in spring.

"The theory of summer planting is based, in pan, on the sound principle that it is always best, for tbe tree, to transplant when the earth ts warm, and vege in Eypt) Terr busy among his young searches, which he published on his return, have had a wide dissemination. In a communication made to the Grand Lodge of the United States some twenty tures by all the Deputies assembled in Grand Committee, with other appropriate ceremonies. In 1826 the Degrees of the Covenant and Remembrance, which had been composed in the United States, were formally After the death of John Quincy Adams years ago, by the Manchester Unity, it is in 1848, Mr. Mann was elected to fill the But to return. Washington Lodge received two charters from the authorities in England, and they id the power of a Grand Lodge and granted charters to other Lodges but in February, 1821, she granted her Grand Lodge powers to the Past Grands, and they formed the Grand Lodge of Maryland, and Thomas Wildey was elected Grand Master and here commences the relation of Grand and stated that the Order was first established during the reign of Nero, the tyrannical corn.

He observed a small flock commencing at one side of tbe field, taking about five rows, following then regularly through the field, scratching and picking about every hill till they came to the otber side of the field then taking another vacant place in Congress. He was twice public hall, or at the festive board, let us not forget the afflicted on his bed of pain, the widow, or the orphan; but on this day let the choicest viands from the table, the kindest sympathies of our hearts, quietly and unseen, find their way to them; and, so far as is consistent with propriety, on this day let tbe habiliments of sorrow be changed for joy, and let all the people rejoice and be glad tation active provided yon can, without too much mutilation, bring transpiration down to the point of supuly, bv the roots. re-elected. One, at least, Of tns cam Roman Emperor, and was a combination to protect honest citiiens against his op- adopted and incorporated in the work of the Order. They were conferred by the pressive acts.

This was A. D. 45. and great father and founder of Odd 1 ellow- paigns resulting in his election, will long" be remembered for the shsrpness of the contest. Some of his speeches in Congress were characterized by great ability, they acted under the title of Fellow Citi- ship in the United States, Thomas Wildey, Jones was presiding officer.

This Lodge met in tbe Portsmouth House, which then stood near the spot where the California Exchange now stands. In May, 1848, the discovery of gold made chaos of all the then existing institutions of San Francisco. The churches were left desolate, the town school was broken up, the printers left for the mines, and the little seven -by nine weekly paper went in. The Odd Fellows all left in the grand scramble for gold; but before leaving they held a meeting and made a bonfire of all the so recently suffering a violent removal to new earth, and very often an actual loss in volume. "Now, ia growing deciduous trees, this aens.

The title of Odd Fellows was eiv the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of particularly those on tbe question of Subordinate Lodges a new and progressive form of government, and one better adapted to our own republican institutiona thau that adopted by our English breth the United States, who was then visiting England for the purpose of bringing about uniformity in the work of Odd Fellowship. He was received with the highest honors of the Order in En aland. At this Pope's Artesian Expedition. Capt. Pope, of the Topographical Engineers, in charge of the Artesian Well Expedition, arrived in this city on Wednes to the Order in the year 79, by Titus, who presented them with a charter engraved on gold, accompanied with a number of emblems, nearly all of which are worn by the officers at the present day.

This Order was introduced into Soain in five rows on their return, and thus continuing till he thought tbey were certainly pulling up the corn. He shot one and then proceeded to examine tbe corn ground. On all the ground that tbey had been over he found but one stalk of corn disturbed that was scratched nearly out of tbe ground, but tbe kernel was still attached to the stalk. In the crop of the quail be found one cot worm, twenty-one striped vine bugs, over us sen ad red rniaeh bugs that still retained their individoali- a A aae-si-iensr Tit 1-nr i-iS-aTaaSrt ariH VI IT if Klin. ren.

In 1822 the Grand Lodge of Mary slavery, and by a pungent rnetonc, wnicn gave them a wide circulation at tbe North. He ever applied a stern but humane morality to all the problems of legislation. Mr. Mann left Massachusetts about six years ago to assume the Presidency of is effected by 'cutting in' tbe top, or removing, as with herbaceous plants, nearly all the foliage. But with evergreens this cannot be done, and so, we seek a time, early enough in the season, to enable the roots to repair damages before winter but so late, that the species has finished land ascertained that self-instituted day, with his party of thirty-five men, and session of the Grand Annual Movable Lodges existed in New York, Peunsylva nia and Massachusetts, and Grand Mas books and papers of the Lodge, to prevent their falling into improper hands.

The train of fifteen wagons, tie has been. altogether, four years engaged in tne in ter Wildey set out by stage-coach to vis regalia was packed away, and was after teresting occupation of boring holes on the its season's growth, and is in a state of it those places, and to endeavor to bring comparative rest. Aud from tne middle Llano Estacado; in the search of water to supply tbe iron horse on the Southern of August to the middle of September 07iBVHe but not one kernel Antioch College, Ohio, an institution which was designed to lead tbe way in affording a higher grade of education to the West. In this position he has labored indefati-gably, and with a good measure of success. We sincerely trust that his vacant place will be made good.

Railroad Route. The project has been proved impracticable, notwithstanding tbe these conditions obtain, most, not rf The quails have been deereswing all of our evergreens and both theory mbir Ticini fa fi.0 and fact point to that as the second, if not wd chincft iocroasiDg. the first best time to transplant them. All 1 1 tbes. f.rta in the the fifth century in the sixth into Portugal and into France and England in the twelfth.

Some of these Lodges formed themselves into a union, and a few of them remain to the present day under the tyle of the "Ancient Order of Odd Fellows." The embodiment of the secret principle in still later times was manifest in the history of the Druids, and in most of those old secret societies many of the leading characteristics are alike for when they entered the portals of the Lodge, known as priests or laymen, they entered in sorrow and gloom, and ended in light thorough explorations of Lapt. rope, one of tbe most energetic and deserving of In hia essential features Mr. Mann was all into one fold. The result of bis mission brought the whole Order into one family, and the Grand Lodge of Maryland and of the United States (as it was then called) issued charters for the Grand Lodges of New York, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts, and three bright links were added to the chain of Odd Fellowship. In 1824 Maryland yielded up her right as Grand Lodge of the United States to the representatives from all the States and thus was constituted the Grand Lodge wards burned in one of these destructive fires that laid waste the town.

Soon after, the N. G. left the country, and few, if any, of the original members, have made San Francisco their home and had it not been for the collection of facts in relation to the early history of California in the Odd Fellows' Library of San Francisco, these important facts in relation to the early history of Odd-Fellowship in this State, would have passed into utter oblivion. After the discovery of gold, and long before any chartered Lodges were insti Committee four hundred Lodges were represented the price of admission was fixed atone pound one shilling but none were admitted over forty -five yean of age. It was also enacted that any Lodge which should initiate a candidate on the Sabbath day should be fined five guineas and thus disappeared the last objectionable feature connected with Ledge-meetings.

For ten years from this time the Independent Order continued to flourish and increase without any apparent cessation but in 1836 certain unworthy men, who had been expelled from the Lodges for conduct unworthy of Odd Fellows, brought suits against the principal officers of the Lodges for the amount they bad paid in for initiation, dues, degrees, etc. The in that I fear is, the greater risk ot Irons- wUUoB of nd effect to each other. a characteristic offshoot from the old Puritan stock keen-witted, intrepid, indomitable, philanthropic, whole-souled. portaium men tnougn tne ueei nmstutu time well into the month of May is often open to the same objection, and we have beard of the 'heating' of several His resolution in pushing forward to his object, and bis command of trenchant omcers. He speaks of a Bailroad from this city to New Mexico, as one of the most practicable projects of the times, and as one that will pay better than any line of road now in operation in the State, from the simple fact that it would be tbe only thoroughfare for an empire.

Kansas City Journal of Commerce. Brand Assaalt language did not, at times, lessen the and joy. The initiatory ceremonies were boxes of evergreens sent from our nursery in the earlr nart of last Msy. But of the United States, which has ever since number of antagonists which his decided calculated to remind men of their weak coarse was calculated to evoke; but the I when the plantation is only a day's dis- been the Supreme Tribunal of Odd Fel tuted, in the more thickly settled parts of nobleness of his aims and his generous The American accepts any work for the time, it it pays. He does it cheerfully; he does it manfully; but ir it is at the bidding of soother, he does not intend to do it always, or to do it song.

The American journeyman intends la be aa employer. The American clerk has it in his own mind that in good time he will be a capitalist. Any man who is nil till wiih perpetual depend ones, aay man who is void of aspiration, and incapable of Oaiiiorma Odd Fellows assembled in tance from the nursery, proper packing, in reference to this danger, will entirely obviate it; and selecting a cool time, their ignorance of the punishment of guilt and the reward of virtue and in the mode of initiation was calculated to make a lasting impression on the heart ferior courts decided these cases against meetings and organized themselves to take care of the sick and the distressed; and lowship in North and South America, including the Islands of the Pacific Ocean. In 1826 the Patriarchal Degree was received from England but its honors were, at that time, only conferred in We learn from a private source that a the Lodges. A meeting of the Grand Committee was called, and it was decided to carry these suits to the highest court in and packing the tops airy and cool will enable us to send trees hundreds of miles.

self-denial in their prosecution, have, we believe, long since changed opposition into respect, if not into admiration. Mr. Mann wrote much and always well. He labored hard through life, and bis praise ia in every nook and corner of the Common igt lance Committee nan been in session st Mound City for a week or so, endeav Aoout a century ago we find Odd Fel lows' Lodges, or, rather, Odd Fellows with reasonable safety and there is car tainly considerable gain, in summer plant ibs, assembling in Loudon, as the old books tell US. "for mirth and harmony the kingdom for it was seen at once that if this doctrine was to obtain, there was an end to Odd Fellowship.

But in the effort, not in harmony with the spim of American life and with the genius of oring to ferret out the person or persons engaged in the late incendiaries at that place. Over seventy witnesses have been examined, and the testimony deduced 1 ing. over that of spring, in the ease of wealth, where bis educational labors but they were self-instituted and inde I have no doubt that in the year 1859 more than $200,000 was expended by the brothers of this State in charitable deeds, besides time, which was money in those days. In Sacramento some $36,000 was expended in supporting the Odd Fellows' Hospital, and large amounts were spent in San race sco, md other places in the State, for the same benevolent purposes. In the fall of the year 1848 petition was for- Grand Lodge.

In 1827 the Order was established in the District of Columbia, and met with great success. In 1828 the Encampment of Patriarchs was fitst instituted, by transferring the Patriarchal Degrees from Grand Lodges thus making blessing generations as they arise. His evergreens of large size, at least, and 1 1 sjocietv. i advocate. pendent bodies, having no common bond example is a treasure to American youth.

hope to see tbe practice a common indeed, the at of Miitmtiovi, tmt tt goes to fasten the guilt, or suspicion, upon or union with each other nod it is not nul 1782 that we find them organising Low may it fulfill its fruitful mission. I i is sipsraasen following iu purpose wuhjtbe a notorious character by the name of floss1 os) Journal ftr The State Board of Eanalixation of constancy of Christian rectitude, and with John W. Duncan. On Sunday last, while higher courts superior wisdom prevailed the decisions of the inferior courts were reversed, and Odd Fellowship went on its way rejoicing. Nothing in the previous history of Odd Fellowship had been so alarming as these vexatious lawsuits, and there was great rejoicing throughout the Order at their successful termination.

Indiana, having concluded Us labors, re- the quiet, manly pecseveranee. zaary a Mr. Williams, a brother of Judge Wil umW ports result as follows The wbole num- (She. warded to the Grand Lodge of tbe United lianas, who had been an active witness the Patriarchal Order attainable to all worthy Odd Fellows. The establishment of the Patriarchal Order gave fresh impulses to Odd Fellowship, and in most parts of the country it greatly increased in numbers and usefulness.

States for the establishment of a Lodge at against the accused, was riding towards Mound City, Duncan rode up behind and From a gentleman living near Fort ber of acres in the State is 22,125.124 Scott, we learn thst a couple of the noto-1 value of lands and improvements Jay-Hawkers of Southern Kansas i 354,000. Increase in value of real estate 03T A physiaiasi la Lonisville has discovered that by living principally on but- i -n icirk w.illr tinman Vvointr maV OrOlODg St- side of Fort 8cott, on Friday last, by increase since 18S8, 70 per cent. The as- istence to the period of two i some parties from whom it was alleged sessment of personal property will amount years. This may beeuneissnsaa San Francisco. A dispensation was granted on the 12th day of January, 1849, and the Lodge was instituted on the 9th of September following.

This Lodge increased rapidly, and Ha meetings were largely attended by members from tbe Ess tern States; and those who arrived sick and ia distress from the long and into regular Lodges in London and Liverpool and even at this period we cannot form a very exalted opinion of their pro-Kress, if we judge of them by some of weir hilling for refusing to sing a song or tell a story when called upon by the presiding officer, when the Lodge was called from work to partake of refreshment, (what the nature of those refreshments was are not informed) hot when we it the duty of brothers to toy aside their pipes during work, we conclude the time most have been after the introduction of tobacco into England by Sir Wal-t Raleigh. In 1831 New Jersey, Delaware and Ohio, were added to the Order. About this period many changes took place in the government of Odd-Fellowship. Up to this time it had been the usage to vote sick benefits, without reference to the of the animal over the dealt him a heavy Mow on the head witb a heavy hickory club, which felled bim from bis horse, censing a fracture of the skull. Duncan immediately made bos escape, but, was arrested a short distance above this place, and was conveyed back to Mound City, and placed in the hands of Sheriff Crow, who promptly lodged him in the -alt of our county, there to From that hour up to the present time the march of Odd Fellowship in the British Empire has been one of unparalleled success.

The number of Lodges in Great Britain at a lace annual return, was 6,872, composed of over two millions of souls its annual income more than 600,000, and the value of it property $80,000,000. Amont? its members are 180 members of as buttermilk is clearly But has the experiment to about which, with the railroads added to tbe real estate, will snake tbe total taxable about The total number of polls will be tried? they had stolen horses, end that an armed posse numbering near five hundred, had collected and sworn to rescue the Jay-Hawkers, at the peril of their lives. At the time our informant left, all was confusion, and a desperate encounter was tedious voyage around Uape Horn, or amount, to all needy applicants, at the make tbe ids Small option or caprice of the Lodge; now every from a still more tedious voyage in a year, sbout 200,000. This assessment will pro- 03 duos about $100,040,000 of State tax and mom aamnm -ki Ufa. fjr Ufa.

brother is entitled to a fixed rate of weekly sailing vessel from the Isthmus, were pro-1 await the condemnation of his two-fold Parliament, 1,260 ministers of religion of neaeuis wnen ne is sica or outran, ana viaea tor ana uceu cnarge 01 uj wm crimes, xer sst wy mmmw. fiivwn.