Western Central Kansas Cowboy from Sidney, Kansas • 1

ZSTO- 25. declined to accept the township subscrip- wealth in England. The gold fields of question abont its paying to give improved stock the generous keep. Perhaps it may not pay well enough to make BOW LONG, OH! LORDT Elm VAtXKT. Nass Kaxsas, Feb.

4, 18W. To The Cowbor. I have been studying over the numerous bills and measures now in the hands GRAZING LANDS. Kinsley Mercarr. Among the many proposed changes in the laws governing the disposition of the public domain the Murenry is in hearty sympathy with any projiOKal that looks toward providing means for acquiring title to grazing lands not suitable to agricultural purposes in larger quantities than is allowable under the existing ing unreasonable, impracticable or chi merical in the proposition.

We can get more acres to the homestead on the erazinr lands, if we want them. Ask and ye shall receive," is the divine as surance. Uoagness mm not voluntarily enlarge these homesteads. The people interested must ask for what they want. The land classification bill of Congressman Peters proposes a plan that will meet for the present our wants.

It will become a law if properly supported by those interested. After the classification of the public lands, in accordance with the provisions of that act, the num ber of acres that should constitute a home- stead nnder each class can then be agreed upon. hope every settler in the grazing region of the country, from Kansas to Arizona and Montana, will eti tion congress for the passage of the Peters bill. THE LHFFEKKXCS. After thanking Tn Cow bo for its high opinion of our knowledge of western I thousands of acres of our public lands.

Kansas, we will proceed to remark that, which were fought and Med for and in our opinion, it is honest in its position earned bv our forefathers, through hxrd-concerninc the Peters grazing bill, and ships and privations, and set aiart for the World is the same way. the future use of their progeny. Does Our Don't Crowd article reflects the congress now propose to place restriction Cattle foe Bale I We are now offering our large stock of cows and heifers, consisting two so -I three year olds), for sale. Those sows are good native stock and with calves br grade bulls. TUey can seen at oor ranch sontheik-t of Schoharie, or on Pawnee at Riverside.

We mean business. (feb.2tf) KIXXEY BROS. Horses for Sale. I have on my ranch 22-5 head of Horse whii-h will u-H frir eih rtrun tirau. w-lrli approved security.

"Will be at homa I Mnndav, Tuesday and Wednesday of each week. Call and see me before purchasing. J. K. FAK.VSWOKTH, 5tf Baziue.

ess Kan. Contest Notice. Xo. 2319. U.

S. and Ottlce, Wa-KeciieT, Kxn-oi, January Si, 18S CoinpLvnt harine; been entered at this office by Mary J. Pavi r.gahtst Y.zru Mann for abandoning hi4 entry No. 1:142, dated lril iillh, IV, M. upon the wtutli west nnarler lion 111 lb gouio itacge Zl weal.

in conntT Kansas, raneenalion ot id entry, Die naid nnrtien are herehv u.i..,er at ofhre ou die day of Mac-h, ai no ciim-k a. ana mrnin teu- niony cont-cruinK diiic alleged abandonment. J. V. MANNA.

Reinsier. fehtt-ml) W. H. l-lLKENTOX. KeoeiTor.

Notice Timber Culture. No. I'. S. Ilail January th, 18S4.

I Complaint bavin? been eniered at tbia oarn by Mary J. against kaac Riank for failure to comply with law as to Timber-C'cl -tnre fculry No. i ilnted. October 7tb, 1STS, npon the norih quarter Section 19, TowbmUib Hi soiul) Hange -21 we, in Neap conuty, Kana, with a view lo the cancellation of said entrr; nSThliK said entry to break the five acres of eaid land, repaired by hot lo lie broken within said year tbe aid parties are hereby summoned to appear at tins olbce ou tbe day of March. lsS4, at o'clock A.

to rc-jH-iid and furnbib taatl-moay concerning taid alleged 11. J. K. MANNA. Iteirnter.

feb9-ml W. II. UeceiTCr. Notice for Publication. io.

Land office at Wa-Keener, Kansas I January, il, 14. Xotice is herelty piven that the settler ha tried notice of hi intention m.ike linal proof in topprt of hit claim, aod-that aid proof wilt lie made hWore J. K. iarad Frooate Jadre of Ness county, at Net Kansas on March 15th, 1SS4, via: Clan elktfr, homestead application for the southwest of section mtowntliip sath, rnupe '24 west. He names the following to proTft hi coin union reuidynce upou, aad cuitiaaUofr of.

ftani land-Y. Smder, of yeK ity I5 5., K1 T. M. firven, of Sidney, E. swarw, of CnaJlaconrtie, t.

Se.Utr. of feui men B. J. Regiator. Notice for Publication, So.

3021, Land Office at Wa-Keener, Kan, January 2IU, 1884. Notice i. hereby criven that the foilowlnjf- named pettier hn nlcd notice of nis intentioa to make Anal proof in $opoort of his claim, and that said proof will he made hefore J. K. larnd, Irobate Judge of Nesa count al Nea City, Kanx, March loth, 1SS4 riz: John It.

Whittev, homestead application 2t for the X. E. of Sec. 27 in T. He names the following witnesses to pro his eonttnumii residence upon, aud cwttirataoav of, said land, viz: J.

It. Spidle, of $idneyrX6 Kan-James Curtis, of K. J. McFarland, of Nerirr, -Stephen A. Whitler.oi Riverside, feb'2-nich8 B.

J. F. HAW Keitr Notice for Publication. So. 303a Land Office at Wa-Keener, Ksnna.

January il, 13S4. Notice 1 hereby riven that the settler ha filed notice of his iuicuiioa make final proof rn npport of his and' that said proof will tie made befora J. K. Karnd Irobate JuK'e of Xess county, 3es Kansas, on Mnrch loth. 14.

viz: i Joeph H. Whitley, hometeftf Application Xo. 5ti for the north wet ol wti'jat Im townsnip 2D outh, ranpe 3 west. He namea the following witnee to pror cntinnon residence upon, aud cultivation of, said land, viz: J. It.

or aiuxcr, es hana Jamca Cnrtis, of R. J. McKarland, of XesCitT, -Stephen A. Wiiillev.of UiverRidV, ffeb-meii J. HANXA, Beg i Her.

Notice For Publication No. 2C12. Land OBcc at Wa-Keencr. Kansaa. January I.

i4. Notice is herebv piven that the followiar- namtfd -umler haj Hied notice of Ins intention uiui.e nnrtl pmof in support of hi claim. ac that said proof will be made he.forw 1 SheaSer, Clerk of District Conrt of AcssoMiuty, Ness Cit v. Kansas on March in, viz: Kdmund Mills, homestead aoplcation IVi for the S. W.

of in T. 1S tt.23 TV He names the following witness to proof eon'innou reside noe upon and cultivatioav said land, via: K. II. rogK, of Sidney, sesa Has. Jacob aliealfer, of bit il oil, W.

O. Sheatfer. of K. J. McKarlaud, of Ness Cite, -Jan fi.b-24 B.

J. F. ILVXNA, Register. Notice for Publication. No.

20W. Land Ofliee at Wa- KeeneV, Kan. Feb. 4," 134. i Notlc if hereby (riven that the foilowiuf- iatd settler has nied notice ot his iatentioat make tii.l proof in snnportof hi claim, ant that aid proof will be made before J.

K. 1'robate Jodjre of N'es ronntr, kanaaa, at Xea Citv K.i-a.-. on March 1-V If, viz: Siirhael imvin. homestead application nuw- for the N. E.

See- 27, T. K. 34 W. He uame tle following witnesses to prov eoutnmous reside uc upon, and cultivation said land, viz: J. II.

aedutan, of Slit! oh, Nesa Kansas-L. Craven, J. F. Moore, of Sidney, H. K.

Jeffrie, tfelj9-marl5 U. J. F. HANXA, Register. Notice for Publication.

No. Land-OX3ce at Jauaary th, Notice Is har-ehr giveu toat uw followioar named settler tm tiled otic of hw iiitentioa make nual ptoot in support ot his claim, an4 ihat said proof will he made beforw J. K. Barod imtlmtt iudgw of Nes county, a Xcj fci, Kaunas, on March 3d, viz: Xnthan F. Hoolton, horavatead appWcattea a for the S.

E. of dee, 1 in X. It west. He namet the following witnesses to prove life continuous residence upon, aud culUvatiea of, land, viz A. F.

iarDer of Sidney, Neaa Kansa-M. J- ot Alex. Snmuoat, of R. J. McFarJand, of NcmCUt, Ijaul9-feb23i B.

J. F. MANNA, Regisr. tioae. It completed the road with its'own money and thereby held all of its stock.

Host Milroads, however, are built in the uuyier we have just explained. But will not a railroad be injurious to the stock interests? If The Cowboy thought so, it certainly would not advocate the building of one through this section. The Cowboy, is first, last and all the time for the live stock interest and is anxious to do all it can to promote the welfare of this- That is what we are here for. It realizes the fact that Xess county cannot be held by a few stockmen. Railroad or no railroad, all of these deserted claims will soon be re-ocenpied by settlers and new claims will rapidly be taken.

The class of the new settlers locating here will be stockmen. We shall not have for some time to come many large ranches owned by single individuals. AVe shall have in the main, small ranches and consequently small herds. To make money out of these small herds we shall have to improve the quality of our stock and raise only the best. The railroad will not change the character of our climate.

This will be simply and only a stock country, even after the construction through it of the railroad. Towns will inevitably spring up along the line of the road, at least one of which will grow into prominence and commercial importance. A home market would be lieneficial to every stockman. In the matter of butter alone a good home market would be a blessing to the dairy man. Packed domestic butter cannot now find a sale in the large cities.

The creamery butter monopolizes the trade. A home market would furnish a demand for fresh dairy butter, which cannot now be transported to distant markets without hazardous risk. A good home mar ket for poultry, eggs anil dairy product would be of great benefit "to stockmen just getting a start in the world, as many of our readers will testify. With the towus come t'10 school houses aad churches. The children need the former and all feel the loss of the latter.

We rsnnot hava good educational or church advantages without towns, and towns cannot be built and maintained without a railroad. The railroad is a civilizer, an instigator of enterprise and progress and an antidote to slotlifulness, stagnation and inertness. The sound of the locomotive whistle will put new life, new hopes, new aspirations in the hearts of the people. There is no good reason why a stockman should bury himself in dug-out on the plains and live all his days in a state of comparative dormancy while all the of life are within his reach. There is no risk in voting bonds to all of the railroads that may seek a trail through Xess county, providing the interest on the amount voted docs not exceed the sum received from taxation of the roads.

PRESIDEN IOXCEM1VIIFS VIEWS. PAWf.EE VAI.LKT, Feb. 4, ISSi. To The Cowbor. In The Cowboy of Feb.

2, 1 saw Mr. W. M. Cainplwll's opinion of sorghum cane for etork feed. He says, While 'rattle will eat it to the exclusion of everything else, on account of its saccharine quali ties, yet there is nothing strengthening about it" I bog to differ with Mr.

Campbell. I have used sorghum cane for stock feed for some vcars. I find it ust what cuttle need after feeding on dry grass. Its fattening qualities are su perior to any fodder I have ever ncd. but it must be used with care or it will cause cattle to scour and as a natural consequence weaken them.

Cattle should not liave all they will cat, but they should have a small quantity three times day pr some hay or other rough fodder fill upon. I take my weak cattle out of the herd, put them in a lot for the pur pose ojid feed them as stated above, and ten or fifteen days they are ready for the rainge. I plant my cane and cultivate the same as corn, and when the seed ripe cut and shock, and when well cured haul and set up in narrow ricks in the feed yard, when it is ready for use. I have had the best results from large welt matured cane of the early amber In all cases where I have fued weak cattle cane, I have seen a marked improvement in a few days, with no bad results, as my record of loss will show. claim all bad results from feeding cane caused by feeding too much.

G. Losoisdyke. J. S. Codding, an experienced Kansas wool-grower, lays down the following platform tor those who would succeed in the same business: "The Merino must take precedence.

Their known adaptability to large flocks, their wool-producing and hardiness all combine to make them popular. Bettor throw the carcass away at four years old, than trust to any other breed. Wool is the main point, and mutton secondary. Select sheep for stock. Be your own judge of what you want Don't pay long prices for short sheep.

Keep level heads, and don't allow any of your breeders or ram peddlers to impose on you. Start right and feed regularly and well, get good assistants, feed them wvU, pay and treat them the same, and no depression will kjep you from success. The s'in shines aain. is S. of be as if of in of lor Australia are alive with Yankees, and wherever thore is to be any money made in Canada there will you find the inevit able Yankee.

The American is also at liberty to go to Germany or any other foreign country, if he wants to. American's liberal and broad-gauged policy in even-thing is the admiration of the civilized world and is tha cause of its unparalled success and rapidly approaching iinequaled grandeur. If the native American fails to appreciate his blessings but simply lies back and croaks and kicks, he will be onstripped by the naturalized foreigner, who fully esteems the beneficence of this govern ment and the magnificent opportunities open to the poor man in this country. ABOIT RAILROADS. Our Forrester correspondent, A.

gives it as his opinion that voting bonds to railroads would be very injur ious to the best interest of Xess countv." As the corrcsiiondent does not offer any qualifications or exceptions, The Cowboy bees leave to dissent There mar be in stances where voting bonds to railroads" would promote the interest of the country. If a good project is pro posed and the amount of bonds asked for is not too large, it would be unwise to refuse municipal aid for its consummation, providing tich refusal would prevent tha building of the road. In Kansas and Colorado, where no navigable streams exist railroad is an indispensable factor in furnishing the means of communication and establishing relations be tween the producer and consumer. Were it not for the railroad beef cattle would not be worth $40 a head in the hoof on the plains here to day. Without the railroad it would cost one-half the value of a beef animal to get it to market, and all farming operations fiflv miles west of the Missouri river would be unprofitable.

Ilegarding the question solely from local standpoint, il cannot be denied that the principal wants of the people of Xess countv to-dav are fuel and lumber. Over the. Donverv Memphis rail wav would be conveved to our doors both from their original sources, without changing cars or breaking bulk. Canon City coal that nw retails at a ton could be delivered in the county by the cars for six or seven. In a very short time our people will have to dejiend entirely on coal or bovine chips for fuel.

Th retail price of pine Inniher here is about $3o per thousand feet The lum ber is shipped by rail all the way from the pineries of Michigan and Wisconsin, a distance of twelve or fifteen hundred miles. The D. M. A. will connect with the St Joseph Van Buren nar row-gauge road at Joplin, which will bring the pine region of southwest Mis souri and Arkansas within a railroad distance of five hundred miles of Ness coun ty.

Arkansas lumber oiiht to deliv ered here by rail at from fifteen twen ty dollars for thousand feet. Iu the mat ter of fuel and lumber alone the railroad would be of incalculable advantage to the jieople of this county. Now about the bond business. Ness county or its townships through which the road will run, can eulwcnbe two thousand dollars a mile to the capital stock of the company, and issue bonds to that amount in payment for itssubscrip-tiou, without the infliction of an additional dime in taxation. On the contrary when the road is in operation taxation will be lessened.

The taxation of the road and rolling stock alone will pay the interest on the bonds to the amount of $2,000 per mile. Voting bonds to railroads and taking in lieu thereof stock in the enter rise a "different affair from voting lmnds for the erection of a schoolhousc, a conrt house or a bridge. Either of the latter is not only unremunerativo property, but is also untaxable and is a continual burden of expense. Railroad projerty is taxable and in the west its value is gradually appreciating. Before the bonds mature, they would doubtless bo -jrorth their face, and more.

The bonds would not be issuable until thtxroad was completed and in operation through the municipality subscribing stock. Underthc laws of Kansas municipalities sul a ing to railroad stock are fully protected against all possibility of being defrauded of their stock. All mortgages imposed npon the road are subject to the liens held by the municipal subscriptions. A municipality subscribing to railroad stock simply lends its credit to the company, and by the use of that credit the company borrows money to undertake the work of construction, and as the work progresses mortgages are given upon the road bed to obtain more money for the farther prosecution of the enterprise. Some railroad companies are strong enough to build roads without the aid of municipal subscriptions and will accept of none, preferring to hold all of the stock them selves, as is the cas to-day with the Atchison, Topeka Santa Fe railroad company.

A tew years ago, However, that company had to rely upon municipal subscriptions to aid it in its work. A tfew months ago that cunpany purchased a road partially completed, between Emporia and Ottawa. The original company had subscribed to its capital stock by townships along the line. When the road fell into the hands of the Atchifpn, Topeka 4 Santa Fe company it a a to in is I is it worth white tor the farmer to give common stock a supply of grain, to take pains to see that they are fed regularly or to any regular system, to pay any attention to saving hay and fodder in extra condition for them, or to provide them with even rude shelter against the inclemencies of the season perhaps, with this kind of stock, it pays lest to let them shift for themselves on the barren hill sides, to browse alone; the creek bottoms. and the lee-sides of the straw-stacks in the fields, because, at best, not much can I be made out of it.

But with improved 1 mh-k, it win pay jarreiy to uo an iriese things for which inferior stock vield lit tle or no return. With good stock the whole produce of the farm can be more profitably consumed at home, and the land year by year improved in quality and its productive powers increased; while with poor stock much of the produce of the farm niut be sold away in the shaiie of hav, and the land gradually imoverished. GixmI stock requires good treatment; anil in view of lw. .1 for all It receives. It should be extended vith a generous and willing hand.

good treatment we do not mean pamper ing in any sense of the word, or any of those delicate attentions which are often times bestowed upon "fancy" cattle, but good, wholesome food in abundant quantity and at regular intervals, and such shelter as the season or climate render necessary to comfort. This sort of treatment any practical farmer can give. FOR STOCK, writer in the Spirit of the Farm speaks in the following eulogistic terms of sorghum cane as a stock feed "In experimenting with the various kinds of food to fatten quickly and with least expense I find nothiu-4 equal to sor-ghuui cane. 1 cannot say that my experiences have extended sufficiently far for me to give you an article on the subject that will be of benefit to your readers, for my feeding experiments have thus far been confined to mulco and voung cat- ana at "me ot year when grain was auuncant. lie latter however would have made but little difference in an experiment had I been making a test, for as long as they could get tiie cane tiiey would not even nibble the richest blue 1 have tried chopped tx-d, bra, corn meal, oil cake and everything else that would tcuii a mule to cat and thev did eat and falten on sorghum but i struck the sn.ar plum for them, or rather they struck it for themselves for they jumped into my patch of tiiree acres and helped themselves.

I don't think 1 am over-estimating it in saving that these three acres, cut and fed to the mules, fattened them more than six acres of corn gathered and fed in the ear. I was so favorably impressed with it that 1 intend trying it next year in a silo. If it only proves halt as good in winter as it ha in summer I can recommend it to all who wish to put the big till on cotton mules. or to carry young steers through the win ter in good condition; but with the limi ted expeneuee 1 have had with it already, 1 can say grow sorghum for stock feed." STOVE HARDWARE STORE. M.

COLLAR, DODGE CITY, KAXSAS. Scaler l.t all sorUf Stoves, Ranges, COOKING And sorts of FEED AND COAL, PLAIN AND BARB WIItE. Window Glass From lichen np to 60 inche cut at my risk. fV Before pnrchasiur in any town come to TfcHijre Oitv. liest selection of good went ot Notice for Publication No.

KKJ. Land Office at WA-Kevnev, Fcbrnnry ii, 14. i Notice in herehy siren that the foUwuif-nanrett ettU-r hart jfied notice of intention make liimi proof in support o( hi- drain, and that said prmtt will be made J. K. Unnid, pro) ate Judpe of county, Nta City, Aausa, on Mitrrli 31st, lsS4, via: John Enjrel, applir.ition No.

17W for the rih rret section i iu township mu th. range 'li west. He name the following witnecs to nrore bin contimion residence upon, and cultivation of, said laud, viz: John Hodman, of Sittner, 3 Ou, Kins. J. W.

Srhaniaun, of Simon, J. Shopman, of A. ft. Parkin, of -feulB-ueh-JSj li. J.

H.WNA, Kt ginter. Notice for Publication. No. toss. Land Office at W-Keener.

Kana February tith, Notice Is hereby (riven that the settler lias tiled notice of his iftnrion make ttnal proof in support of hi claita, and that said proof will be made before .1. K. Uamd. probate jud.se of Xest county, at Ness City, Kamas, on Ttinrch 34th, 1SS4, viz: Charles T. Warnock, pre-emption declaratory statement o.

lor me bouiu west oi in township 30 muitli. rajsv 3H west. He names the following wttneMs to prove continuoiii resiaeiice upon, ana cultivation said land, viz: W. 8. Beck.

J. S. Collins, J. G. Colbn-, Fred ftoth, all of Luda, Ness Kans.

feulft-ntchK B. J. F. IJAXN A. Register.

Notice for Publication. No. 2071. Laud OlSceat Wa-Keener, Kana. i February fch 14.

Notice is hereby given that the following-named settler ha filed notice of hi inieiHioo to make final ltroof in snnuort of and that said proof will be wade before J. K. Barnd, probate judd of Nes county at Xena Ctt March 32d, 184. viz: Kkhnrd James, homestead application 3ttv for the north went t-ectiou ia township i snth, range 33 we-t He nrtmes t'w following wttnesjea toproce- conunnous resident a on aud culuvatibo- said land, viz: J. W.

ltmwD, of NeseCitv, Ne.sCo Kana, R. J. McFariaud.of K. Swilzer, of Sitlner, n. Fogg, of tfeUo-OKUj J.

F. IUKN 3v I to at his of, to his of, No. said that on of said: trald tH. btmti Grazing, Hrrd-knC m4 dranml Mock BUlng la KB Wert. tiilmkM atDthm ad ball Aemd cattle.

Tbe water in the Ohio river in nearly a high now as it' was last rear, causing lunch distress and great destruction of Jvoperty. Hon. Almerin Gillett, of Emporia, has been appointed railroad commissioner, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Major Hopkins. A splendid DDointment. He is an able lawver and broad-gantred man.

He has been a member of the Kansas senate. The old fort Sumner military reserva tion has been sold at public auction for cash. The reservation comprises nearly 17,000 acres, and was purchased by Hon. D. 8.

Taylor, Gen. E. B. Sopris, Sam Doss and Lou Horn, of Trinidad Colorado, and L. D.

Coggins, of Greeley, Colorado, for $35,000. Calves must be fed well during the winter if you wish them to come out well In the spring, and if they are kept thrif ty daring the winter and spring they will grow faster and do better when turned to grass, and will be worth more than twice as much the next fall than if they were half starved during the winter months. There is a belief among some stock tnn, which is mainly born of laziness, that some kinds of stock do not need applies of pure water in winter so long as snow covers the ground. Let anv Stock man who thinks that sheep will thrive on snow in place of water try it himself. After every mouthful of snow the throat speedily becomes parched and dry, and if he continued to eat snow, srioos throat troubles would result Eating snow and drinkinc ice-cold water la believed to be one cause of goitre in heep.

H. A. Elliburg, X. writes We have bred Durbams for milk in JeiTerson county for thirty years or more, and they are the favorite breed in this town, although there are at least three breeds of thoroughbred Ayrshire. Most of the dairymen who have bred Ayrshire are now using Durham bulls.

One family in Henderson and the adjoining town has osed nothing but thoroughbred Durham bulls for over thirty years, and I can gen rally buy a yearling bull for $30 to $40 out of their best cows, and one of the brothenfhas had fifteen cows, average forty-five pounds of milk a day on grass. fe think we know a good cow, and four- fifths in our town are probably grade Durham. The Ogallala Land and Cattle company, with head quarters at Omaha, which recently purchased Paxton Sheidley herds of cattle, numbering 45,000 head. Ism also purchased the Basler herd in western Nebraska, numbering 45,000, the price paid being $1,250,000. The new company has now over 100,000 head of cattle, representing an investment of over $3,000,080.

The company is interred in the South Omaha stock yard and beef parking enterprise and these cattle are all tributary to this enterprise. The slaughter house and yards will be erected early in the spring, the intention being handle this year's cattle shipments to as large an extent as possible. Their capacity will be 1,000 cattle per day, slaughtered, dressed and shipped. fETKRS-S UNI) CLASSIFICATION BILL. When the memorial to congress of the Western Central Kansas Stock Association, asking for the division of the lands in the grazing area of the country into two-thousand-acre tracts, tc, was prepared, it was not expected that the prayer of the petitioners would be readily granted.

The principal object of the memorial was to call the attention of congress and the people of the country to the fact that there was gross injustice in the present land laws in making no distinction in quality and value between the agricultural and grazing lands. Under the prevailing policy they are all rated the aame. That object of the memorialists has been accomplished. Their petition has been presented to the senate and its full text has been published in hundreds of newspapers with favorable comments by many ith the situation The proposition of the memorialists i Unquestionably a radical innovation on the present system of disposing of the public land and is one that require.) explanation and elucidation to win for it favorable consideration on the part of congress and the general public. It took year of agitation to get the people and congress educated to the point of favoring a homestead law.

It may take years to 'convince congress that there is any difference in value between agricultural and grazing lands. If the parties Inter' cated. in showing that there is a difference will unjte and demand an official recognition of the- distinction and an equalization in values, they can eventually get an equivalent fox the deficiency in the value per acre of tbe grazing lands, comparison with the value of the agricultural, in the shape of more acres to (bo fTSzte? homestead. There nolh a a of the United States Senate and House until I am constrained to make a few comments and ask a few plain ques tions, irst, there is to be an appropri ation of $30,000 for the nsc of destitute Indians in Montana, who are indigent bv their own indolence and who have never been of anv other use than as a bill of expense to "the people" constituting this government, butchering in colli blood the people who teep them in idleness. Did the government ex hibit such charity toward our settlers rtunnc our drouth and panics 7 A train our wise legislators have seemingly slept while some one has crept in and stolen for railroad corxrations one-fourth of all of our public domain and been paid by our wise government for so doing.

"Titled nobility," in the direct violation of our once glorious constitution, have come anion, -st us and acquired title, bv some means, to hundreds of and confinement upon our pioneer set- tiers as a panacea Tor the past protliguc of that body? lare they rejieal the pre- emption and timber culture laws and re strict us to lt0 acres as a homestead in this non-productive and sterile region, and then meet their constituency and expect the Well done, thou good and faithful?" Hundreds, ves, thousands of our American citizens have come here, beguiled and deluded by falsehood and perfidy flaunted in the face of the people by railroad advertisements, into the belief that this could be made a productive farming countrv bv the expenditure of labor and monev, and therefore have I fated on the more leicl and likelv look- ins countrv, as best adapted to that pur poee, thereby avoiding the sand hills and stone piles, hich now prove to be the most desirable location for the only pn- fitahle industry in the country, namely, raising live stock. Under our present land laws our foreign friends, the English and Germans, can come here and bring their Hessians with them, aad profiting by our exr-ience can locate in the most desirable sections of the country for the pursuit of the only paving business here, by merely stepping into the clerk's office of a district court an 1 filing a declaratory ntuto-luentof their intention to ticcnne citizens invest their little stock of jE's. and D's in stx-k, and in ten or tv -lve years go lack to their mother country, jpollin- in American wealth, while we who have expended most or all of our capital in permanent or substantial im- rovements can plod on in our liiO glory, this the kind of legislation for which we elect public servants and rort them at an enormous expense low long, oh! Lord, can this continue? It looks to me like a case of the whipped siianiel. The English government can slap and spit upon the face ot honest old Uncle Samuel at her pleasure, and in return we creep and lick the hand be smeared with our own blood, in hoes of better treatment and to give them that which they tried but failed to whip from us. If tins is the kind of service we are to continue to expect from the wise men whom we choose to represent our inter ests at the national capital, the sooner we beein to elect honest men ttie better.

Thankingj-ou kindly for your indulg ence and space, 1 rema Ixvestiuatob. We are our correspondent. "Investigator," was experiencing a fit of the blues when he penned the foregoin; effusion. It is true that legislation in congress several years ago was largely in the interests of railroads and that munificent grants of public land were given to aid in their construction, hut this pol icy was simply in compliance with the demand of the people of the country at that time. The national platform of the republican party in 1360 demanded government aid forjthe construction of a railroad to the Pacific.

By tlio bestowal of these granU three railroads have been constructed to the Pacific and almost the entire country from the Missouri river to the Pacific, which was a comparative wilderness fifteen years ago, is now-being rapidly developed and planed in a condition fit for occupancy by civilized people. For two or three years after the passage of the act granting aid in both government bonds and land for the construction of the Kansas Pacific railroad, no capitalists could be induced to undertake its construction even for what now seems to be such a prodigal gift It took years to get capitalists to take hold of the Atchison, Topcka Santa Fe railroad with its millions of acres of land as a bonus. Fifteen years ago sll of the land in Kansas west of Wichita, wouldn't have been accepted as a gift by anybody acquainted with it By the construction of railroads, making these lands' acces sible to market, the lands have become desirable and valuable. The railroad corporation are not the only parties that have been benefitted by the construction of railroads with government aid, by any meana. Our correspondent's protest -against permitting people of foreign birth to become adopted citizens of America and acquiring homes here, is fearfully wrong.

The traditional and time-honored motto of our country is, "America the asylum for the oppressed of all people." His protest is anti-America in the extreme. Our doors are open to the people of the world China excepted. The capital of the world is also at liberty and invited to seek investment here. The English man has no advantage over the native born-A merican in the matter of invest ments. The Yankee is welcome to a honle anywhere in the British dominion.

Geo. Pcabody made his immense is it statutes. The Western Central Kansas Stx'k association has memorialized con gress to this effect asking the division into four-section tracts of that portion the government domain that is adapted solely to grazing purposes, and represent- ing that the western third of Kansas, the western nan or anu larye por tions in Colorado. New Mexico. yom ing, Dakota, and Montana, are not adapted to agricultural pursuits, mainly for the reason that the rains in this territorial area are unreliable and untimely.

This same area, however, furnished subsistence for aes to millions of buffaloes, and it has bwn demonstrated that it will also subsist domestic herbiverous animals. One hundred and sixty acres in an agricultural country, with reasonable cultivation and management, will furnish a comfortable maintenance for an average family, but in a country where people are wholly dependent upon the growth of live stock, a quarter section is insufficient One hundred and sixtv acres of grazing land, producing mesquite grass, will maintain only sixteen head of cattle or horses. Xot only does the present land policy of the government fail to meet the wants of the occupants of the grazing lands, but, in the opinion of the Wkstkrn Central Kansas Cowboy, it is detrimental to the government as well. It says: "The settlers in this territory acquire titles to the lands contaiuing timber and streams, which control the ranee for miles in extent, iu many cases. This range which is owned by the government, and for many years will be under the present policy, furnishes the grazing lands for the stock of the settlers on the streams.

These ranges, though Ix'longing to the government, are divided into tracts bv stockmeu, by mutual agreement, and i each stockman occupies one of these tracts, and his risrht to its posession is nndisputed by his neighbors. Some of these tracts comprise one hundred thous and acres. Occasionally a man locates a homestead in one of these tracts, but it is jencrallv to his disadvantage unless ho sells out to the claimant of the range. A poor man, unless he has the control of. a range, bits no business in the grazing i country, lie is frozen out by tlse heavy stockmen.

The policy proposed by the memoralists is a poor man's meas ure. It will have the effect to break up the monopoly in land now possessed by rich stockmen and combinations and give the poor man a chance." Judge 1 eters lias already presented a bill in congress for the classification of the lands belonging to the public domain into agricultural, mineral, timber and grazing lands, to be followed by a bill providing that whatever lands are classified as grazing lands they may be taken to the extent of a section of lan 1 under the homestead act The object of this bill, should it become a law, is to have a personal examination made by the ex perts and determine what lan-ls are agricultural and what are grazing. The Mercury believes Judge Peters's bill a move in the right direction. FUOM KOKKESTEK VALLEY. To The Cowbov.

Our school house is in a fair way to completion and when done it will be a credit to the district The work is beine done mostly by donation. The material all on the ground, the walls half up, and the mason work is being done by W. Ross, a master mechanic The school furniture has been ordered. This-alley has liecn noted for its many advocates of agricultural pursuits and a strict herd law, and their influence aud policy have been detrimental to the the interest of a majority of the settlers and retarded the business of cattle raising. Now we are forced to confess that we were deceived, and we propose to remedy our mistake by hereafter raising more cattle and doing less ploughing.

Looking to what is for the best interest our people, young as we are, it is generally admitted that the herd law should done away with from the first of November to the first of April, and it is also our opinion that voting bonds to railroads would be very injurious to the bast interest of Ness county. Cattle are doing well. Our valley af fords as good gross and water as can be found in Xess county. Mr. Neal, on the" North Fork, has been buying coming two-year-old steers of L.

Liggett, for 25 a head, two of Mr. Win-ken for some of the Johnson bovs and one of A. B. Horton. So, you see, trade is lively.

A. L. 11. GOOD STOCK. KKEIX Kit MEXT.

IHT THE AT- Breeder's Gazette, C'hinajro. It is not often that so much of real meaning is contained in ft single mmtenee in the one by Mr. Karlee in the oommuuH-ation which appeared in the Gazette of December 13: Ifbreodinga race of cows that can fit an I the meanest treatment is a honorable aim for a respectable farmer, then, indeed, are thoV-onghhred btock a vanity and a delusion." Good stock demands pxxl treatment, and it is not piven a corresponding portion the profit which mteht be derived from its maintenance, will be hst. Good treatment artificial conditions of a more favorable character than those existing naturally was one of the prime factors securiiist an improvement iu the stock, and the same good treatment must con-tiaue or the stock rn fall away' to a corresponding decree from the improved type. And one of the great ad van tag improved stock over the common or scrub stock of the country is that while the common st'K-k will only give a moderate return for the extra care pven it, improved stock will pay a handsome profit the pood treatment it receives.

Whatever treatment the practical -farmer has found it most advantageous to give common aad inferior stack, there can be no of 1 to to 20 his of, No. his of, standing sentiment of this paper on the question of whether western Kansas shall be converted into a solely-grazing region. Such a step would be in the interest of a comparatively few monopolers, and a fatal thrust at the farmers and small stock handlers. The large stock handlers would have the bulk of the monev, and this is why the termination would be as we have indurated. The trouble wVich we here outlined for western Kansas in the advent of being turned over exclusively to the LTazinir interests finds an apt illustration in the following com in u- Jllliuoil lllK kiir nun The San bu a romnwnieatinfi defending the fence cutler in Texaa.

The correspondent ay that bv the home.ied law. the public lands were reserved for actual They went there under thin pledire, and in tune herds of cattle. They did well and encouraged other i to follow their example. When it was een that the uusincs of raiding cattle win pro stable, larrecapitaJistA, inanr of them foreigner, engaged in the buNine, bought out mime ranches and brought herds. Tliev then to work stretching wire fences aiTo the country so as to exclude the cattle of settlers from grazing on lands except in the immediate BeihborhHd.

liy this means they are driving selllers from the country. They thus wholly defual the objects ot Hie homestead law and urevciil the settlement of the country. Settlers have tsken their families and made that country their home, a country lit for nolli but rao-mg rattle. If the settlers are deprived of this resource thev mutt laT. They knew believing thai excluding them from range is a violation of their right, thev have in many raxes cut these fence.

Thevcannot -contend with rirh com panics aniens the government passe stringent laws to protect setuers trout encroacnmeui. 1 lie bur nshes will eat up the little ones when the two classes are thrown in the same brook. The farmina which we advocate is merelv to raise stock feed. We, there fore call it stock Carmine. It is some- thins which owners of small bunches of cattle must follow, and which owners of bin bunches, in the Ii-rlit of human treat ment, ought to do.

Stock farming is a hawr mean between the violent ex treaiesgof farming out here in a general way in defiant of God Almighty and attempting to drive out of the country even-body who wants to stick a plow in the ground. 1 he World hopes it is un derstood. Our anti-imintion idea was in furtherance of this compromise iu lie-half of stock farming. The stock feed can be raised without the irrigation, thus savine what would be paid out for irri gation for general farming: and the former is more remunerative than the latter. To make it a grazing country would be to kick out the bulk of the free schools and the churches, and every body knows what a countrv is.

or soon becomes without these. H'a-Kretuy World. There is no difference in the estimation of the characteristics of the grazing regions of the country between the Wa-Keeney World and The Cowboy. The only difference between them is hether stockman sa the grazing lands shall have the same favors from the general government as the homesteader on the agricultural lands receives. The latter has enongh land t.

Afford him a living. The same quantity ef land in a grazing re gion will not afford a living to the settler thereon. We maintain that four sections of land in a grazing section is only equivalent to a quarter section iu an ag ricultural. The Peters bill proposes to classify the public domain into agricultural, grazing, min-ral and timber di visions, and then to make the size of the homestead in each in proportion to its value. Mr.

Peters has expressed his opinion that a quarter section of agricultural land is equal in value to a section of grazing. Adopting his estimation of a section to a homestead there would be 900 jck ranches in Trego county. Under our estimation there would be 223. Two with ranch of four sections, would soon have stock valued at $,000,000. Each would have land enough to maintain 250 head of cattle, and with that number he would be comfortably independent When your ranchmen get into easy and comfortable circumstances they would make their homes in Wa-Keeney, where school, church and social privileges could be en joyed.

Your town would then besuji- ported by people who had money and the disposition to spend it There is room enough on the grazing lands of Kansas for 10,000 ranches of that size, under our present una system there are ranches that consist of of thousands ofj asres of government land, each held by one individual or an association of capitalists. A poor man might as well take a ranch in mid ocean as on the range held by one of these heavy stockmen. It is our present land policy that is encouraging and upholding monopoly and oppressing the poor man. It is the interest of the poor man that we are championing and it is for his n-tit thai wo arc asking a oange. Notice for PubhcfttLcn No.

1SKS. Lavd Officb at Wa h.nrBT. Kjixa, I January Ma, Notice is herebr givaa that the foliowiBgr named settler has tiled uotiru -of his mniioa make ttnal proof ia support of hw oiaiaa, aaV said prmf will le made before J. K. Bn proivjtte Judge of Xet coantr, at Nes i'tty, March 3d, 14, vis: Ai aoder 6immoae hoim'stead.

application No. 16ii for the 8. J. t.i. west.

He oair.es tbe foliow ioj witnesses to prove rontinuona roAuitaca upon, aasi cuiUvauoa oi land, via: N. Mouttoa, oC Srftser Hs A. F. Ganiner, of tiarduer A. C.

of Dce CTtr Fat JanlSfeMj B.J F. HAXA, JUaes. i iii i 4 1 7.